公共政策选择与影子教育参与  

Public Policies and Participation in Shadow Education

作　　者：陆伟 LU Wei(China Institute for Educational Finance Research, Peking University, Beijing 100871)

机构地区：[1]北京大学中国教育财政科学研究所

出　　处：《比较教育研究》2019年第8期77-85,共9页International and Comparative Education

基　　金：2018年度国家自然科学青年基金课题“人力资本投资视角下中国居民家庭教育支出研究:决策机制及其影响分析”(项目编号:71804171)成果之一

摘　　要：国家的公共政策选择是影响学生参与影子教育的重要中介因素。公共政策可以直接介入影子教育市场:鼓励政策能够促进学生的影子教育参与,但也会遭遇参与率低的难题;管制政策对影子教育参与机会的影响存在异质性,高收入家庭的学生往往不受实际约束。同时,公共政策对学校教育的干预可能引发连锁反应,激起非预期的影子教育需求。公共教育财政投入的整体水平和内部差异如何影响教育参与尚需更多的研究来检验;允许教师提供有偿补习可能迫使学生被动参与影子教育,若干低收入国家的案例研究提供了这方面的证据。National public policies are key factors in determining students’ demand for private tutoring.On the one hand, policies often directly intervene in the tutoring market.An active policy of encouragement would stimulate the demand for private tutoring, though it may suffer the pain of low participate rates.The form of regulation and control has heterogeneous effects on tutoring participation: students from advantaged families are likely to immune to constraints on the supply of tutoring services. On the other hand, polices related to school education reform may also cause unintended demand for shadow education.It remains to be seen how the amount and allocation of public educational expenditures would affect the prevalence of private tutoring. Case studies from low income countries show that policies allowing teachers to become tutoring providers may induce students to take part in tutoring passively.

关 键 词：公共政策 影子教育 学校教育 国际比较 

分 类 号：G77[文化科学—教育学]