能力输出和过程控制的实践教学改革探索  

Exploration on Practical Teaching Reform Based on Engineering Ability Output and Process Control

作　　者：李翠超[1] 张培艳[1] 凌芳[1] LI Cuichao;ZHANG Peiyan;LING Fang(Student Innovation Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China)

机构地区：[1]上海交通大学学生创新中心

出　　处：《实验室研究与探索》2019年第8期227-231,共5页Research and Exploration In Laboratory

基　　金：上海交通大学教学发展中心教学发展基金项目(CTLD16B1022);上海交通大学实验室创新研究项目(17SG-07)

摘　　要：工程训练是各专业创新人才培养极为重要的实践课程。针对目前工程训练教学存在的与工程实际衔接不紧密、缺少过程考核、质量意识不足等问题,提出以工程能力输出为导向的实践教学改革,按能力认证标准来设定教学目标及项目;以综合工业项目为导引,用工业制品代替标准教具;依据“最近发展区”理论调适内容,引导学生开展探索性学习;全程控制,结合形成性评价和终结性评价来评定成绩;采用自评互评评教三角循环,构成良性互动促进教学提升;重视细节,精工细作,鼓励学生做工匠。实践证明:通过构建真实完整的工程环境,考核学习过程,互评互动,有效地激发了每个学生自主学习积极性,培养了系统思维和解决问题能力,精益求精,逐步培育学生的质量意识和工匠精神。Engineering training is an extremely important practical course for the innovative talents cultivation of all disciplines. Aiming at the problems existing in engineering training, such as loose connection with engineering practice, lack of process assessment and weak quality consciousness. This paper proposes engineering ability-oriented practice teaching reform, teaching objective and teaching project are set up according to the ability certification standards. Guided by a comprehensive industrial project, industrial products are adopted instead of standard teaching aids. Teaching content is adjusted according to the theory of “the zone of proximal development”, students are guided to explore learning. Full-process control, the student score is evaluated by combining formative assessment with summative assessment. Using spiral propulsion triangle cycle of self-evaluation, peer-evaluation, teaching evaluation, form a positive interaction to promote teaching. Emphasize detail, fine work, students are encouraged to be artisans. Research shows that by establishing a real and complete industrial environment, assessing the learning process, mutual evaluation and interaction, students learning enthusiasm is effectively stimulated, students problem-solving ability and system thinking have been improved. They pursue the highest quality, quality of awareness and artisan spirit have been enhanced.

关 键 词：工程教育 能力导向 过程控制 “最近发展区”理论 形成性考核 工匠精神 

分 类 号：G642.0[文化科学—高等教育学]