儿童“期望值”判断的研究  

A STUDY ON CHILDREN AND ADULT'S JUDGEMENT OF EXPECTED VALUE

作　　者：朱莉琪[1] 方富熹[1] 皇甫刚[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院心理研究所,北京100101 [2]北京航空航天大学经管学院,北京100083

出　　处：《心理学报》2002年第5期517-521,共5页Acta Psychologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目"儿童认知发展和促进的研究"(项目批准号 :3 973 0 180 )的资助 ;中科院创新工程方向项目"社会应激环境下的心理行为特点和身心交互作用"(KSCX2 -2 -0 3 );国家自然科学基金项目"小学儿童对学校适应能力的动态比较研究"(项目批准号 :3 9970 2

摘　　要：以 7岁、9岁、12岁小学生和成人大学生为被试 ,让他们在 5种实验任务中进行期望值判断 ,以探讨儿童期望值判断的发展。结果表明 :(1) 7岁儿童就能够在简单任务中进行概率推理和正确判断事件的期望值 ;(2 )儿童对概率和价值两个维度相乘关系的认知呈现发展趋势 ,但其乘法规则的运用仍逊于成人水平。而成人期望值判断的成绩有较大的个体差异。 (3)在期望值相同的情况下 。The study was to explore children's development of judgment of expected value in Chinese primary school Subjects from grade 1, grade 3 , grade 6 and college students participated in the study They were asked to give judgment of expected value in 5 kinds of tasks The results showed: (1) Even 7 year old children could make probability inference and have correct judgment of expected value in simple tasks; (2) Children's judgment of expected value developed with age, they consider both probability and value dimensions, and gradually find their relation of multiplication, but their level of use of multiplication rule is lower than adults (3) Under the condition that expected value is equal, children pay more attention to probability than to value

关 键 词："期望值"判断 儿童 概率 期望值 发展心理学 

分 类 号：B844.1[哲学宗教—发展与教育心理学]