基于碳纳米材料的黄曲霉毒素电化学检测方法研究现状  

Research progress on electrochemical methods for aflatoxins detection based on carbon nanomaterials

作　　者：喻理[1] 马飞[1] 赵安顺 白艺珍[1] 李董 李培武[1] YU Li;MA Fei;ZHAO Anshun;BAI Yizhen;LI Dong;LI Peiwu(Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Quality Inspection and Test Center for Oilseeds Products,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Key Laboratory of Detection for Mycotoxins,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,National Reference Laboratory for Agricultural Testing(Mycotoxin),Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Wuhan 430062,China;Development Center for Science and Technology,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Beijing 100122,China)

机构地区：[1]农业部油料作物生物学与遗传育种重点实验室,农业农村部油料及制品质量监督检验测试中心,农业部生物毒素检测重点实验室,国家农业检测基准实验室(生物毒素),中国农业科学院油料作物研究所,湖北武汉430062 [2]农业农村部科技发展中心,北京100122

出　　处：《食品与发酵工业》2019年第20期281-290,共10页Food and Fermentation Industries

基　　金：政府间国际科技创新合作重点专项“食品和饲料产业链中真菌毒素控制关键技术的集成与创新”项目(2016YFE0112900);国家重点研发计划“重要农林产品现代加工质量提升共性技术标准”项目(2016YFF0201901);国家自然科学基金项目(31540048,31601576)

摘　　要：黄曲霉毒素是已知真菌毒素中毒性最强的一类。与传统检测方法相比,电化学检测方法因仪器简单、易操作、灵敏度高、选择性好、响应快等优点更受研究者青睐。早期黄曲霉毒素电化学检测方法在抗体固定、信号传输等方面存在不足,为此,碳纳米材料在过去几年被广泛应用其中,具有提升电子传输和界面电催化性能、固定生物识别分子等多重作用,大大改进分析性能。该文总结了当前应用在黄曲霉毒素电化学检测上的三类主要碳纳米材料(石墨烯、碳纳米管和碳颗粒)及应用通用模式,将碳纳米材料与贵金属、电活性物质(如离子液体或导电聚合物)、生物识别材料(抗体或适配体)的一种或多种结合沉积到电极上,通过不同电信号响应建立检测方法。该文总结了现有研究的不足并展望了未来的研究方向,旨在为选择合适的碳纳米材料及其应用方式以提升分析性能提供参考。Aflatoxins are the most poisonous mycotoxins that were discovered so far.Compared with conventional detection methods,electrochemical methods have raised attentions,due to the advantages of simple equipment,easy-operation,high sensitivity,good selectivity and fast response.Previous developed methods for aflatoxins detection have several shortcomings in antibody immobilization,signal transfer and so on.Thereby,in the past few years,carbon nanomaterials have been widely applied in developing the new electrochemical methods,because of many distinct functions,e.g.,enhancing electron transport and interfacial electrocatalytic properties,and immobilizing biomaterials,which can greatly improve the analytical method.This review summarized 3 major kinds of carbon nanomate rials,namely,graphene,carbon nanotubes and carbon nanoparticles,which have been widely applied in current electrochemical sensing systems.The mode of application of carbon nanomaterials was also summarized.In generally,carbon nanomaterials conjugated with one or more materials including noble metals,electroactive substances(such as ionic liquids or conductive polymers)and biomaterials for recognition of aflatoxins(i.e.antibodies or aptamers)were deposited on the electrodes.Subsequently,the new electrochemical methods were established by the electrical signals obtained from these electrodes.Drawbacks of current researches on electrochemical methods for aflatoxins detection are analyzed and the future research direction based on carbon nanomaterials is prospected,which can provide references for selecting suitable carbon nanomaterials and their application modes to improve the analytical systems for aflatoxins.

关 键 词：碳纳米材料 黄曲霉毒素 电化学 检测 应用 

分 类 号：TB3[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]