PBL教学法在儿科住院医师规范化培训中的应用  

Application of Problem-Based Learning in standardized residency training of pediatrics

作　　者：姜春明[1] 彭梓月 韩钢[1] JIANG Chunming;PENG Ziyue;HAN Gang(The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University,Harbin,Heilongjiang 150010,China)

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨医科大学附属第一医院新生儿科

出　　处：《中国毕业后医学教育》2019年第4期316-318,共3页Chinese Journal of Graduate Medical Education

摘　　要：随着二孩政策的放开,我国儿科医师短缺情况愈发严重。住院医师规范化制度的建立和实施成为儿科医学人才培养发展的长效机制,保证了儿科医疗事业的稳定、良好、可持续发展。采取何种教学方式,高效培养合格的儿科医师是目前在教学方法上迫切需要解决的问题。儿科住院医师规范化培训是培养合格儿科医师的重要措施。PBL(Problem-Based Learning)教学法是以问题为基础的教学方法,可以培养住院医师自主学习的能力、提高住院医师的人文素养及医患沟通能力。在儿科住院医师规范化培训中应用PBL教学理念可提高培训质量。本文通过总结儿科住院医师规范化培训中PBL教学理念应用方法:案例选择、问题设计、组织讨论、思维导图可视化工具、情景式教学、分析总结、存在问题7大方面进一步探讨,以促使学员在院校阶段能将所学知识与临床实践密切结合,能够独立完成儿科常见病的诊治,熟练掌握儿科的基本操作技能,并具备一定的带教能力,能够指导低年资住院医师。With the implementation of the two-child policy, the problem of pediatricians shortage in China has become more and more serious. The establishment of the standardized residency training system has become a long-term mechanism for cultivation of pediatricians. To ensure the stable, sustainable and healthy development of pediatrics, what kind of teaching method should be adopted to train qualified pediatricians efficiently is an urgent problem to be solved at present. Standardized residency training of pediatrics is an important measure to train qualified pediatricians. Problem-Based Learning(PBL) teaching is a question-based teaching method, which can help to cultivate residents’ abilities of independent learning, improve residents’ humanistic quality, doctor-patient communication abilities and other abilities required.The application of PBL teaching concept in standardized residency training of pediatrics can improve the training qualities. This article summarized the applications of PBL teaching method in pediatric residency training. We discussed the process and methods in PBL such as case selections, curriculum design, organization, discussion, mind map visualization tools and situational teaching to further improve the qualities of pediatric residency training and encourage residents to connect the clinical knowledge closely with practice. PBL is good for improving pediatric residents’ abilities of diagnosis and treatment of pediatric diseases independently and mastering the basic skills of pediatrics. PBL can also help to develop senior residents’ teaching abilities towards junior residents.

关 键 词：儿科 住院医师 规范化培训 PBL教学法 

分 类 号：G424.1[文化科学—课程与教学论]