渤海昌黎近岸海域水中微生物群落多样性分析  

Analysis of microbial community diversity in the water from Changli coastal area of Bohai Sea,Hebei

作　　者：刘宪斌[1] 杨莹 李中媛[1] 林颖青 LIU Xian-bin;YANG Ying;LI Zhong-yuan;LIN Ying-qing(Tianjin Key Laboratory of Marine Resources and Chemistry,Tianjin Marine Environmental Protection and Restoration Technology Engineering Center,Tianjin University of Science&Technology,Tianjin 300457,China)

机构地区：[1]天津科技大学天津市海洋环境保护与修复技术工程中心天津市海洋资源与化学重点实验室

出　　处：《安全与环境学报》2019年第5期1817-1823,共7页Journal of Safety and Environment

基　　金：天津市“131”创新型人才团队建设项目(20180314);天津市教委“十三五”高校“创新团队培养计划”项目(TD13-5011)

摘　　要：为了探索海洋生态系统的多样性,研究海水中微生物群落多样性及其与环境因子之间关系,基于高通量测序分析技术对渤海近岸海域水中微生物群落结构和多样性进行了研究,并且对环境因子和微生物群落进行典范对应分析(Canonical Correspondence Analysis,CCA)。结果表明,海水中微生物在门水平上的类群为变形杆菌门(Proteobacteria),物种相对丰度为61. 64%,其他次要各门的类群丰度均在11. 49%以下;其中,拟杆菌门(Bacteroidetes)、厚壁菌门(Firmicutes)、放线菌门(Actinobacteria)、浮霉菌门(Planctomycetes)和酸杆菌门(Acidobacteria)物种相对丰度依次为11. 49%、4. 85%、4. 74%、3. 56%和3. 19%。有约7%序列没有落入任何分类层次结构,表明该海域内存在未被识别的微生物资源。海水中微生物在纲水平上的类群及其丰度为γ-变形菌纲(Gammaproteobacteria) 23. 66%、α-变形菌纲(Alphaproteobacteria) 22. 36%、约20%序列未被识别、黄杆菌纲(Flavobacteria) 18. 58%,其他各纲均在10%以下。典范对应分析表明,营养盐及溶解氧对微生物群落结构和多样性有显著的影响。This paper is intended to use a novel method to explore marine microorganisms. In order to achieve the study goal,we have chosen a proper research method,for the traditional microbial culture methods prove to have limitations. And,so,we have turned to a better choice known as the high-through-put sequencing analysis technology,so as to illustrate the situation through DNA extraction and data analysis at the phylum level and class level of the community structure. The results of our study show that the main microbial groups in the marine waters at the phylum level can be illustrated as follows: the species relative abundance of Proteobacteria takes 61. 64% whereas the abundance of the other groups occupies no more 11. 49%. The relative abundance rates of Bacteroidetes,Firmicutes,Actinobacteria,Planctomycetes and Acidobacteria stand respectively for:11. 49%,4. 85%,4. 74%,3. 56% and 3. 19%. But about 7% of the rest do not fall into any classification hierarchy,hence signifying that there ought to exist unrecognized sequences in the marine area. Thus,the main groups of microorganisms in the marine water at the class level ought to stand about: the abundance rate of Gammaproteobacteria species is equal to 23. 66%,while that of the Alphaproteobacteria species accounts for about22. 36%,with approximately 20% of the rest being unrecognized. In addition,the Flavobacteria species may account for18. 58%,and with the rest classes and species being no more than 10%. Thus,it can be found that the diversity index of the marine biospecies can reflect the microbial diversity of all the testing stations. Furthermore,it is also necessary to investigate and determine the physical and chemical properties of the seawater in this area. For example,it is also necessary to conduct the canonical correspondence analysis between the environmental factors and the microbial communities. All in all,the results of the investigation and examination we have done show that the nutritional salt and the dissolved oxygen should have significant effec

关 键 词：环境工程学 渤海海域 微生物多样性 高通量测序 典范对应分析 

分 类 号：X172[环境科学与工程—环境科学]