德国“双元制”教学模式对我国高职院校的启示  

Enlightenment of German “dual system” teaching model to higher vocational colleges in China

作　　者：庄伟[1] 徐铭杰[1] ZHUANG Wei;XU Ming-jie(Harbin Vocational and Technical College,Harbin 150081,China)

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨职业技术学院

出　　处：《黑龙江科学》2019年第19期34-35,共2页Heilongjiang Science

基　　金：2017年度黑龙江省教育厅高等职业教育与继续教育教学改革研究项目“以工作室为平台环境艺术设计专业工匠精神的培养模式研究与实践”的阶段性成果(SJGZY125)

摘　　要：德国“双元制”教育模式对我国高职院校的启示主要包括以下几方面:重新理解企业承担职业教育成本的意义,职业院校的学生可以提前熟悉企业操作的流程和步骤,实现了从理论到实践的无缝对接,省去了招录和培养一个熟练工种所要花费的财力和时间,企业获得的潜在收益要远远大于付出的培训成本。营造良好的社会文化环境,一名技艺精湛的高级技工与一名学识渊博的大学生在社会上的地位是同等重要的,学生可以从自身的兴趣爱好出发,选择自己所喜欢的职业。合同管理制是实现“双元制”教学的重要保障,合同管理制改变了传统职业教育的弊端,突出了企业在人才培养中的地位与作用。基金化管理为职业教育提供了财力保障,由企业、学校、政府共同为职业教育的财政经费提供物质保障,确保技能型人才培养的质量。对我国高职院校采取德国“双元制”教学模式提出了几点建议,即:改变对职业教育的偏见。职业教育不是可有可无的,不是高等教育的附属品、替代品。提高企业参与职业教育培训的积极性。将企业培训制度化,加大企业的参与力度,按照企业的需求培养人才,提高企业自身的竞争力和影响力。The enlightenment of German“dual system”education model to higher vocational colleges in China mainly includes the following aspects.Re-understanding the significance of undertaking vocational education cost by enterprises.Vocational college students can familiarize themselves with the process and steps of enterprise operation in advance,realize seamless docking from theory to practice,save the financial and time needed to recruit and train a skilled type of work,and the potential benefits obtained by enterprises far outweigh the training costs.Create a good social and cultural environment.A skilled senior craftsman and a knowledgeable college student are equally important in social status.Students can choose their favorite occupation from their own interests and hobbies.Contract management system is an important guarantee for realizing“dual system”teaching.The contract management system has changed the disadvantages of traditional vocational education and highlighted the position and role of enterprises in personnel training.Funding management provides financial guarantee for vocational education.Enterprises,schools and governments together provide material guarantee for the financial funds of vocational education to ensure the quality of skilled personnel training.It puts forward some suggestions on adopting the German“dual system”teaching mode.To change the prejudice against vocational education.Vocational education is not indispensable,and it is not an accessory or substitute of higher education.Enhance the enthusiasm of enterprises to participate in vocational education and training.We should institutionalize enterprise training,increase the participation of enterprises,train talents according to the needs of enterprises,and improve the competitiveness and influence of enterprises themselves.

关 键 词：德国“双元制”教学模式 高职院校 启示 

分 类 号：G712[文化科学—职业技术教育学]