基于车辆-移动轨道耦合模型的列车碰撞爬车行为  

Overriding Behavior in Train Collisions Based on Moving Vehicle-Track Coupled Model

作　　者：杨超[1] 李强[1] 王曦[1] 王明猛[2] YANG Chao;LI Qiang;WANG Xi;WANG Mingmeng(School of Mechanical,Electronic and Control Engineering,Beijing Jiaotong University,Beijing 100044,China;State Key Laboratory of Traction Power,Southwest Jiaotong University,Chengdu 610031,China)

机构地区：[1]北京交通大学机械与电子控制工程学院,北京100044 [2]西南交通大学牵引动力国家重点实验室,四川成都610031

出　　处：《西南交通大学学报》2019年第6期1298-1304,共7页Journal of Southwest Jiaotong University

基　　金：中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目(2018JBM048);中国博士后科学基金资助项目(2017M620599);国家重点研发计划资助项目(2016YFB1200403,2016YFB1200404);国家自然科学基金资助项目(11790281,51505390)

摘　　要：为了揭示车辆参数对列车碰撞爬车行为的影响规律,首先基于车轨耦合的基本思路,建立车辆模型和移动轨道模型,用非线性轮轨接触模型耦合车辆模型和移动轨道模型;非线性钩缓装置模型用于连接相邻的两个车辆模型;然后通过模拟两同型列车低速正面碰撞,获得了不同参数情况下车辆和轨道的动态响应;最后用车轮抬升量作为车辆碰撞爬车指标,分析了车轮抬升量对碰撞速度、车体质心高度和二系垂向刚度的灵敏度和相对灵敏度.结果表明:在其他条件不变的情况下,当碰撞速度增大至27 km/h时,车轮抬升量陡增至36.5 mm;质心高度增大20%时,车轮抬升量增加41%;二系垂向刚度增大20%时,车轮抬升量减小16.6%;车轮抬升量随碰撞速度和质心高度的增大而增大,而随着二系垂向刚度的增大而减小;车轮抬升量对碰撞速度的灵敏度是非线性的;质心高度和二系垂向刚度的相对灵敏度分别为205%和-83%.In order to reveal how vehicle parameters affect the overriding behavior in train collisions, the vehicle model and the moving track model were developed in view of the basic ideas of vehicle-track interaction. The nonlinear wheel-rail contact model was applied in coupling both models. A nonlinear coupler model was used to connect two adjacent vehicle models. Then the head-on collision of two identical trains was simulated at low speeds. The dynamic responses of vehicles and tracks were obtained with different parameters. Finally, the wheel lift was taken as the vehicle-collision overriding index. The sensitivity and the relative sensitivity were analyzed in terms of wheel lift to impact speed, to height of car body mass center and to vertical stiffness of secondary suspensions. The results indicate that when other conditions remain unchanged, the wheel lift rapidly increases to36.5 mm if the impact speed increases to 27 km/h. The wheel lift increases by 41% when the height of mass center increases by 20%. However, it decreases by 16.6% if the vertical stiffness of secondary suspension increases by 20%. In other words, the wheel lift increases with the impact speed and height of mass center, and decreases with the vertical stiffness. The sensitivity of wheel lift to impact speed is nonlinear. The relative sensitivities of wheel lift to height of mass center and vertical stiffness are 205% and-83%, respectively.

关 键 词：机车车辆 碰撞 动力学 爬车 灵敏度分析 

分 类 号：U270.11[机械工程—车辆工程]