贝克莱和休谟的反形而上学观点及其现代意义  

Berkeley and Hume’s View of Anti-metaphysics and Its Modern Significance

作　　者：张桂权[1] 余冰心 ZHANG Gui-quan;YU Bing-xin(Research Center of Philosophy,Sichuan Normal University,Chengdu,Sichuan 610066,China)

机构地区：[1]四川师范大学哲学研究所

出　　处：《四川师范大学学报（社会科学版）》2020年第1期15-21,共7页Journal of Sichuan Normal University(Social Sciences Edition)

基　　金：国家社科基金2014年后期资助项目“经验论与唯理论的演变及对康德哲学的影响”(14FZX040)的阶段性成果

摘　　要：当代语言分析哲学试图通过对语言的分析来解决传统哲学尤其是形而上学的问题,这种方法来自经验论。经验论从本性上说就是反形而上学的。经验论的代表人物洛克、贝克莱和休谟都涉及形而上学,但是明确表示反对传统形而上学的哲学家是贝克莱和休谟。贝克莱和休谟都认为,形而上学以抽象观念为研究对象,造成了哲学的困难、错误、复杂难解、晦暗不明,因此应该放弃形而上学,回到常识即感觉-知觉的经验论立场。贝克莱和休谟的反形而上学具有较为重要的当代意义。Based on empiricism,contemporary philosophy of linguistic analysis attempts to solve the problems of traditional philosophy,especially metaphysics through the analysis of language.Empiricism is by nature anti-metaphysical.Representatives of Empiricisms as,Locke,Berkeley and Humeare all study metaphysics,but Berkeley and Hume oppose traditional metaphysics,they believe the general and abstract objects of metaphysics lead to difficulties,errors,complexity,incomprehensibility,and obscurity in philosophy.Therefore,metaphysics should give its place to empirical position of common sense,namely sense-perception.The anti-metaphysics of Berkeley and Hume has important modern significance.

关 键 词：贝克莱 休谟 反形而上学 经验论 

分 类 号：B561.27[哲学宗教—外国哲学] B561.291