教育的公平正义与超公平正义  

Equity and Justice in Education and Justice in Education Beyond Equity

作　　者：郝文武[1,2] Hao Wenwu(the Northwest Research Centre for Basic and Teacher Education,Shaanxi Normal University,Xi'an 710062;the School of Education,Shaanxi Normal University,Xi'an 710062)

机构地区：[1]陕西师范大学西北基础教育与教师教育研究中心 [2]陕西师范大学教育学院

出　　处：《教育研究》2019年第12期45-50,共6页Educational Research

基　　金：国家社会科学基金2018年度教育学重大课题“振兴乡村战略中的农村教育现代化研究”(课题批准号:VHA180004)的研究成果

摘　　要：教育正义是主体对复杂的教育根本价值的合理性追求,包括机会、过程和结果平等的互利公平正义与超越公平的德性正义。教育机会公平体现为以统一标准一视同仁地实施和评估教育权利、义务和投入的平等;教育过程公平体现为以平等方式对待所有受教育者和以兜底方式使条件差、质量低的教育达到基本平等,并持续提高所有教育条件和质量、效率水平的过程;教育结果公平体现为以同一个尺度一视同仁地评估教育质量、效率提升程度的平等。教育公平是追求教育平等与提高教育质量、效率持续地相互促进的过程和状态。扶贫帮困和追求卓越的德性正义是非功利和超越互利公平的正义。追求教育正义必须把实现教育平等与提高教育质量、效率紧密结合,使教育公平正义与超越公平的仁爱德性的教育正义互为保证、相互促进。Justice in education,a rational pursuit of the complicated and fundamental value of education,not only includes justice in mutual-benefit equity involving equality in educational opportunities,process,and outcomes,but also involves virtue-oriented justice beyond equity.Equity in educational opportunities refers to the equal implementation and evaluation of educational rights,obligations and investment based on unified standards;equity in educational outcomes means the equal evaluation of education quality and efficiency based on unified standards;equity in educational process indicates the fair process where educators equally treat all those who receive education,push forward basic educational equality in a bottom-up manner targeting areas with low-quality education in bad conditions,and continuously improve all educational quality and efficiency.Equity in education is a process and state where educational equality,quality and efficiency unceasingly promote each other.Virtue-oriented justice,which pursues excellence and poverty alleviation,is a sort of non-utilitarian justice beyond mutual-benefit equity.To pursue justice in education,we must closely combine education equality with the improvement of education quality and efficiency so that equity and justice in education and the virtue-oriented justice in education beyond equity can be mutually guaranteed and promoted.

关 键 词：教育公平 教育正义 教育平等 德性正义 

分 类 号：G40-052[文化科学—教育学原理]