我国医学生医患沟通能力标准化病人评价量表的编制  

Development of Chinese Medical Students’ Doctor-patient Development of Chinese medical students’ doctor-patient communication skills scale evaluated by standardized patients

作　　者：文兰[1] 封恬恬 李骄阳[1] 赵衡[1] 刘文捷[1] 姚女兆[1] 范学工[2] 陈国栋[1] 刘江华[1] WEN Lan;FENG Tian-tian;LI Jiao-yang;ZHAO Heng;LIU Wen-jie;YAO Lv-zhao;FAN Xue-gong;CHEN Guo-dong;LIU Jiang-hua(First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China,Hengyang,Hunan 421001,China)

机构地区：[1]南华大学附属第一医院,湖南长沙410078 [2]中南大学公共卫生学院,湖南衡阳421001

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2020年第4期765-768,共4页Modern Preventive Medicine

基　　金：全国教育科学“十三五”规划课题（BIA170177）;湖南省教育科学“十三五”规划课题（XJK17BGD064）;湖南省哲学社会科学基金（15YBA322）;湖南省普通高等学校教学改革研究项目（湘教通[2015]291号-239）;湖南省普通高等学校教学改革研究项目（湘教通[2016]400号-370、[2018]436号-350）;湖南省卫生计生委科研基金（湘卫函[2017]777号-B20180224、B2017052）;湖南省学位与研究生教育教学改革研究项目（JG2018B093）

摘　　要：目的编制适合我国医学生医患沟通能力标准化病人(Standardized Patients,SP)评价量表,并检测其信度和效度。方法通过文献分析、专家论证、小样本调查形成测试量表,采用整群抽样法选取448名我院住院医师规范化培训生,模拟病人入院至出院情景进行医患沟通能力测评,应用决断值法、相关系数法、Cronbach’sα系数法、因子分析法等从条目敏感性、代表性、独立性及稳定性方面筛选条目,并检验量表的内部一致性、分半信度、组合信度、结构效度,采用验证性因子分析考察量表的结构合理性,形成正式量表。结果经条目筛选和探索性因子分析,形成了含4个维度共17个条目的正式量表。量表Cronbach’sα系数为0.835,分半信度为0.749,4个维度的组合信度在0.783~0.857之间。另外,4个维度与总量表的相关系数在0.415~0.793之间;验证性因子分析结果显示量表结构合理。结论研制的医学生医患沟通能力SP评价量表具有良好的信度和效度,可作为医学生医患沟通能力的评价工具。Objective To develop a medical students*doctor-patient communication skills scale evaluated by Standardized Patient(SP),and to test its reliability as well as validity.Methods The beta scale was completed through literature analysis,expert argumentations and preliminary tests.Using the cluster sampling method,the 448 resident standardization training students in our hospital were selected and evaluated the doctor-patient communication ability by simulating the scene of patient's admission to discharge.By critical ratio,correlation coefficient,Cronbach*s a coefficient factor analysis.We selected items from the aspects of sensibility,representativeness,independence and construct validity,tested the structure rationality by confirmatory factor analysis to develop the formal scale.Results Through item selection and exploratory factor analysis,four dimensions and 17 items were finally contained in the scale.The Cronbach's a coefficient of the scale was equal to 0.835,split-half reliability was 0.749,and composite reliability of 4 dimensions were within 0.783-0.857.Besides,correlation coefficients between 4 dimensions and gross score were 0.415-0.793,so the structure proved to be rational according to confirmatory factory analysis results.Conclusion The SP evaluation scale has been proved to be reliable and valid,which can be used to test medical students*doctor-patient communication skills as an evaluation tool.

关 键 词：医患沟通 标准化病人 量表 信度和效度 医学生 

分 类 号：R192[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]