安装ECAS和液压互联悬架的客车动态性能研究  

Study on Dynamic Performance of a Bus Equipped with Electronically Controlled Air Spring and Hydraulically Interconnected Suspension

作　　者：綦衡敏 张农[1,2] 王东 张邦基 郑敏毅[3] Qi Hengmin;Zhang Nong;Wang Dong;Zhang Bangji;Zheng Minyi(Hunan University,State Key Laboratory of Advanced Design and Manufacturing for Vehicle Body,Changsha 410082;Automotive Engineering Research Institute,Hefei University of Technology,Hefei 230009;School of Automotive and Transportation Engineering,Hefei University of Technology,Hefei 230009)

机构地区：[1]湖南大学,汽车车身先进设计制造国家重点实验室,长沙410082 [2]合肥工业大学汽车工程技术研究院,合肥230009 [3]合肥工业大学汽车与交通工程学院,合肥230009

出　　处：《汽车工程》2020年第3期330-338,共9页Automotive Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51675152)资助。

摘　　要：客车因载质量大和质心高的特点难以兼顾操纵稳定性和平顺性,为此本文提出了一种侧倾构型的液压互联悬架(RHIS)与电控空气悬架(ECAS)相结合的新型悬架系统。首先,基于热力学理论建立了空气弹簧非线性模型并试验验证;基于质心定理、动量矩定理推导了整车9自由度动力学模型,建立了整车和RHIS的机械-液压耦合模型,并通过实车测试验证了模型;然后,设计了气囊模糊控制器以实现车身高度调节;最后,在常用的操纵稳定性和平顺性测试工况下仿真对比了新型和传统悬架系统的性能。结果表明,所提出的新型悬架系统可实现3挡车身高度调节,且在保持原车平顺性的同时明显改善了整车的操纵稳定性。In view of the difficulty in keeping balance between the handling stability and ride comfort of bus characterized by high mass center and heavy load, a novel suspension configuration is proposed, combining roll-resistant hydraulically interconnected suspension(RHIS) and electronically controlled air spring(ECAS). Firstly, a nonlinear model for ECAS is developed based on thermodynamic theory and verified by test. Then, 9-DoF vehicle dynamic model is derived based on centroid theorem and momentum moment theorem, and into which the model for RHIS is coupled. Next, a fuzzy controller for air spring is designed for body height adjustment. Finally, simulations on the test conditions of handling stability and ride comfort are conducted to compare the performances of novel suspension and traditional one. The results show that the novel suspension system proposed can achieve the three-levels of body height adjustment and apparently improve the handling stability of vehicle while maintaining the original level of ride comfort.

关 键 词：电子控制空气悬架 液压互联悬架 车身高度调节 操纵稳定性 平顺性 

分 类 号：U463.33[机械工程—车辆工程]