飞行汽车的研究发展与关键技术  

Progress and key technologies of flying cars

作　　者：张扬军[1] 钱煜平[1] 诸葛伟林[1] 张磊 彭杰[2] 徐彬[3] 王泽兴 ZHANG Yangjun;QIAN Yuping;ZHUGE Weilin;ZHANG Lei;PENG Jie;XU Bin;WANG Zexing(School of Vehicle and Mobility,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China;School of Aerospace Engineering,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China;Vehicle Research Center,Beijing Institute of Technology;National New Energy Vehicle Technology Innovation Center,Beijing 100176,China)

机构地区：[1]清华大学车辆与运载学院,北京100084 [2]清华大学航天航空学院,北京100084 [3]北京理工大学特种车辆研究所,北京100081 [4]国家新能源汽车技术创新中心,北京100176

出　　处：《汽车安全与节能学报》2020年第1期1-16,共16页Journal of Automotive Safety and Energy

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(U1864212)。

摘　　要：飞行汽车作为面向城市空中交通和未来出行的新型交通工具,正日益受到汽车和航空领域的重视,成为汽车和航空技术与产业跨界融合的重要发展趋势。该文介绍了飞行汽车的内涵及城市空中交通(UAM)概念的兴起,阐述了飞行汽车早期梦想的探索历程、面向城市空中交通的研究现状,以及未来将在全新智慧出行交通体系下实现大众化汽车“飞”起来的发展趋势;论述了飞行汽车发展的高功率密度电动推进、高升阻比轻质车体和低空飞行智能驾驶等主要性能瓶颈和关键技术;提出了中国飞行汽车的阶段性发展目标和构建汽车与航空跨界融合技术创新体系,以及重点推动城市空中交通和应急救援等领域示范应用的发展建议。Flying cars as a new type of vehicle for urban air transportation and future travel,are getting more and more attention in the automotive and aeronautical fields,it has become an important development trend for the transborder integration of automotive and aeronautical technology and industry.This article introduces the connotation of flying cars and the rise of the urban air mobility(UAM)concept.It describes more than one hundred years of a practical exploration process of flying cars and then represents the current research status for UAM of airbuses and air-taxis along with the future development trend of intelligent transportation of air-land amphibious vehicles.Moreover,it discusses the major bottlenecks and impediments confronting the development of flying cars.In addition to the high power density electric propulsion,high lift-drag ratio and lightweight body structure,and low-attitude flight intelligent driving,as the main approaches and key technologies break through the bottleneck performance of flying cars.Furthermore,it proposes the three-stage goals and vision for the development of flying cars in China,and suggests to build a flying vehicle technology innovation system that integrates automotive and aviation transboundary,and to promote the demonstration application of flying cars in urban air transportation and emergency rescue as the key breakthrough for the near future development of the flying car.

关 键 词：飞行汽车 电动汽车 电动航空 城市空中交通(UAM) 未来智慧出行 

分 类 号：V211.5[航空宇航科学与技术—航空宇航推进理论与工程]