旋转导向钻井工具试验台加载控制系统的研究  

Study on the Load Control System of a Test Bench for Rotary Steering Drilling Tools

作　　者：张光伟[1] 田帆 高嗣土 乔阳 Zhang Guangwei;Tian Fan;Gao Situ;Qiao Yang(Mechanical Engineering College of Xi’an Shiyou University)

机构地区：[1]西安石油大学机械工程学院

出　　处：《石油机械》2020年第2期23-28,共6页China Petroleum Machinery

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目“井下闭环可控弯接头导向机构基础理论研究”(51174164);陕西省自然科学基金项目“基于旋转导向钻井技术的井下闭环可控弯接头系统动力学特性研究”(2018JM5015)。

摘　　要：为了测试在实际钻井过程中钻井工具的工作性能,研制了旋转导向钻井工具性能测试试验台,并开发了一种加载控制系统,应用于试验台模拟加载装置。该试验台主要用来模拟钻井工具在实际钻井过程中所受的扭矩和轴向力。根据其数学模型分别建立了模拟加载装置的液压缸、磁粉制动器和比例溢流阀的传递函数;运用模糊推理方法使用模糊自适应PID控制器计算出输入和输出之间的关系,进行PID参数的最佳调整;然后应用Matlab软件中Simulink模块将所设计的控制方法与常规PID控制方法的仿真结果比较。分析结果显示:模糊自适应PID控制方法具有更快的响应时间、更强的抗干扰能力;设计的模糊自适应PID控制方法提高了指向式旋转导向钻井工具试验台控制的灵敏度,满足对试验台较高控制精度的要求。所得结论可为旋转导向钻井工具的性能研究提供参考。In order to test the performance of drilling tools in practice,a test bench for performance testing of rotary steering drilling tools was developed.Meanwhile,one kind of load control system was built,which has been applied in the simulation loading device of the test bench.The test bench is mainly used to simulate the torque and axial force applied to the drilling tools in practice.Based on the mathematical models,the authors established the transfer functions of the hydraulic cylinder,magnetic powder brake and proportional relief valve of the simulation loading device.With the help of the fuzzy self-adaptive PID controller,the fuzzy reasoning approach was used to calculate the relationship between the inputs and outputs,so that the optimal adjustment of PID parameters was made.Then,the Simulink module of the Matlab software was applied in the comparison of the simulation results between the designed control method and conventional PID control method.Results indicate that the fuzzy self-adaptive PID control method has a faster response time and better anti-interference performance;the designed fuzzy self-adaptive PID control approach improved the control sensitivity of the test bench for a point-the-bit type rotary steering drilling tools,which could meet the higher requirements on control precision of test bench.Such a conclusion can provide a reference for the performance study of rotary steering drilling tools.

关 键 词：数学建模 旋转导向 钻井工具 试验台 模糊自适应 PID控制器 

分 类 号：TE921[石油与天然气工程—石油机械设备]