新疆地区普通学生融合教育态度研究  

A Study on Ordinary Students’Attitude towards Inclusive Education in Xinjiang

作　　者：王苗苗[1] 李欢[2] WANG Miaomiao;LI Huan(Research Center for the Practice and Innovation of Children's Education,School of Elementary Education,Xinjiang Normal University,Urumqi,830017;Faculty of Education,Southwest University,Chongqing,400700)

机构地区：[1]新疆儿童教育实践创新研究中心,新疆师范大学初等教育学院,乌鲁木齐830001 [2]西南大学教育学部,重庆400700

出　　处：《中国特殊教育》2020年第3期23-29,共7页Chinese Journal of Special Education

基　　金：国家民委民族研究项目“新疆少数民族儿童国家通用语言文字阅读障碍调查评估(2019-GMD-041)”;国家社科基金青年项目“精准扶贫视野下西部地区特殊教育均衡发展实证研究(19CMZ026)”;新疆高等教育研究所招标课题“新疆地区残疾人高等融合教育支持体系研究(XJGJS201704)”阶段性成果。

摘　　要：采用自编问卷对新疆地区8218名小学三年级至大学四年级普通学生融合教育态度进行调查与分析。结果发现:普通学生对融合教育持比较积极态度,其中情感和行为意向最积极,但对残疾学生的认识有待进一步提高。总体上,普通学生对融合教育态度从小学到初中、高中呈上升趋势,步入大学后稳中有降。性别、是否独生子女、年级、区域、居住地、是否听过残疾人事例、学校是否有残疾人、班级是否有残疾人、是否接触过残疾人是影响学生融合教育态度的重要因素。基于以上结果,从加强对低年段学生融合教育态度的正向引导与干预;推动高等融合教育发展,改善大学生对融合教育的态度;加强农村地区融合教育支持保障体系建设;增进普通学生与残疾学生的接触,提高对残疾学生的正确认识四方面提出对策。A self-designed questionnaire was used to investigate and analyze the attitude of 8218 ordinary students from Grade 3 of primary school to university seniors in Xinjiang.The results showed that the students have a positive attitude towards inclusive education,of which emotion and behavior intention are the most positive,but the understanding of disabled students needs to be further improved.On the whole,students'attitude towards inclusive education is on a rise from primary school to junior high and senior high,and on a decline after they enter university.Gender,grade,only child,district,whether there is a disabled person in the class,whether they have heard disabled people,whether there is a disabled person in the school,whether they have contact with disabled people are important factors that affect primary school students'acceptance of inclusive education.Based on the results,countermeasures are put forward from the following four aspects:Strengthening the construction of the support and guarantee system for inclusive education in Southern Xinjiang and rural areas;Strengthening the correct guidance of the attitude towards inclusive education for primary school students;Increasing the contact between students with disabilities and ordinary students to help them have a correct understanding of disabled students;Promoting the development of higher inclusive education and college students'attitude towards inclusive education.

关 键 词：普通学生 融合教育 残疾学生 态度 

分 类 号：G76[文化科学—特殊教育学]