高校周边速食品中病原微生物的检测与评价  

Detection and evaluation of pathogenic microorganisms in fast food around the university

作　　者：钱坤 任连泉 QIAN Kun;REN Lianquan

机构地区：[1]天津市农业生态环境监测与农产品质量检测中心,天津300402

出　　处：《肉类工业》2020年第3期43-46,共4页Meat Industry

摘　　要：由致病微生物引起的食源性疾病,已成为国内主要的食品安全问题之一。为了解天津某高校周边市场即食食品的微生物污染状况,本课题采取随机抽样方法采集天津某高校周边小吃街等场所的主食类、卤制品类、小吃类、凉拌菜类、糕点类、沙拉寿司水果、饮品类等7类别共计50件食品,根据GB/T4789和国家卫生标准,对7类食品中的菌落总数和大肠菌群及主要致病性微生物,包括金黄色葡萄球菌、沙门氏菌、志贺氏菌等进行全程调查与评价。调查结果显示,大肠菌群,金黄色葡萄球菌和沙门氏菌合格率较低,分别是74.98%,62.17%和51.72%。在各类食品中,合格率分别是饮品(75%)>糕点(66.67%)>小吃类(57.89%)>主食类(56.25%)>沙拉寿司(50%)>卤制品(25%)>凉拌菜(0%),在7类食品中,除了饮品以外,都检测出不同程度的致病菌微生物,其中以卤制熟食品和凉拌菜类的合格率最低,分别是25%和0%。主食类、卤制品、小吃类、凉拌菜类3种致病菌均有检出,糕点类只检出沙门氏菌,沙拉寿司水果检出金黄色葡萄球菌和沙门氏菌。研究结果显示,高校周边市场即食食品微生物污染情况严重,致病菌检出率较高,相关部门应该加强对学生的食品安全教育和周边市场的卫生监督,防止食源性疾病发生。The food-borne disease was caused by pathogenic microorganisms,and it was one of the major food safety problems in China.In order to understand the microbial contamination of instant food in the surrounding market of a college in Tianjin,the random sampling method was adopted,and 50 kinds of food in 7 categories including staple food,halogen product,snacks,cold dish,pastry,salad sushi fruit and drink in the snack street and other places around a college in Tianjin were collected.According to GB/t4789 and the national health standard,the total bacteria,total coliform and main pathogenic microorganisms including Staphylococcus Aureus,Salmonella and Shigella in seven kinds of food were investigated and evaluated.The results showed that the qualified rate of total coliform,Staphylococcus Aureus and Salmonella were low,and they were 74.98%,62.17%and 51.72%respectively.In all kinds of food,the qualified rate was drink(75%)>pastry(66.67%)>snacks(57.89%)>staple food(56.25%)>salad sushi(50%)>halogen product(25%)>cold dish(0%).In 7 kinds of food,except for drink,pathogenic microorganisms were detected in different degrees,and the qualified rate of halogen cooked product and cold dish was the lowest,and they were 25%and 0%respectively.Three kinds of pathogenic microorganisms were detected in staple food,halogen product,snacks and cold dish,and Salmonella was only detected in pastry,and Staphylococcus Aureus and Salmonella were detected in salad sushi fruit.The results showed that the microbial contamination of instant food in the surrounding markets of colleges was serious,and the detection rate of pathogenic microorganisms was high.The relevant departments should strengthen the food safety education of students and the health supervision of the surrounding markets to prevent the occurrence of food-borne disease.

关 键 词：微生物污染 食源性疾病 沙门氏菌 金黄色葡萄球菌 志贺氏菌 

分 类 号：TS2[轻工技术与工程—食品科学与工程]