转炉炉口微差压的模糊滑模控制系统设计  

Design of Fuzzy Sliding Mode Control System for Converter Furnace Differential Pressure

作　　者：章家岩 张子蒙 冯旭刚 ZHANG Jiayan;ZHANG Zimeng;FENG Xugang(School of Electrical and Information Engineering, Anhui University of Technology, Ma’anshan, Anhui 243032, China)

机构地区：[1]安徽工业大学电气与信息工程学院,安徽马鞍山243032

出　　处：《西安交通大学学报》2020年第5期142-148,157,共8页Journal of Xi'an Jiaotong University

基　　金：安徽省重点研究与开发计划资助项目(1804a09020094);安徽省高校自然科学研究重点资助项目(KJ2018A0054,KJ2018A0060)。

摘　　要：针对转炉炉口微差压控制系统的非线性、干扰大和时变的特点,提出了一种基于干扰观测补偿的模糊滑模控制策略。通过分析滑模控制理论,得出了切换增益引起抖振这一结论。引入指数趋近律,发现切换增益与滑动因子绝对值呈正比关系。利用模糊设计规则对切换增益进行有效估计,使其更逼近滑模到达滑模面所需增益。结合基准观测器和经过处理所得到的等效干扰观测器,使得系统仅由增益就可对外界干扰进行快速反应。Matlab仿真研究结果表明:采用模糊滑模控制比常规PID控制的响应时间减少了0.14 s,达到峰值时间减少了1.08 s,超调量相对减少了0.025%,系统的切换增益更小,有效地遏制了抖振现象。工程实际应用表明:应用所提方法后,系统的抖振相对于滑模控制降低了10%,调节时间相对常规PID控制降低了0.38 s,取压口处压力波动范围为-3.5~7 Pa,比常规PID控制的效果提高了50%左右,系统抑制干扰的能力明显增强。Aiming at the characteristics of non-linearity, large interference and time-varying of the differential pressure control system at converter mouth, a fuzzy sliding mode control strategy based on interference observation and compensation is proposed. Analyzing the sliding mode control theory, it is concluded that the switching gain induces buffet. The exponential approach law is introduced, and it is found that the switching gain is proportional to the absolute value of sliding factor. The fuzzy design rule is used to effectively estimate the switching gain for the gain to approach the value required by the sliding mode to reach the sliding mode surface. Combining the reference observer and the equivalent interference observer obtained after processing, the system can quickly respond to external interference only by gain. Matlab simulation results show that the fuzzy sliding mode control reduces the response time by 0.14 s, the peak time by 1.08 s, and the overshoot by 0.025%. The switching gain of the system is smaller, which effectively curbs the buffet phenomenon. A practical engineering case shows that once the proposed method is applied, the buffet of the system is reduced by 10% compared with sliding mode control, the adjustment time is reduced by 0.38 s compared with the conventional PID control, and the pressure fluctuation range at the take-out port is -3.5-7 Pa. The effect of conventional PID control is increased by about 50%, and the ability of the system to suppress interference is significantly enhanced.

关 键 词：转炉 微差压 模糊滑模 干扰观测器 常规PID控制 

分 类 号：TP273.5[自动化与计算机技术—检测技术与自动化装置]