十字形和X形艉舵航行体的水动力特性对比  

Comparison of hydrodynamic characteristics of SUBOFF with cruciform and X-form rudder arrangement

作　　者：陈纪军[1] 潘子英[1] 彭超[1] 夏贤[1] 邱耿耀[1] 李永成[1] CHEN Jijun;PAN Ziying;PENG Chao;XIA Xian;QIU Gengyao;LI Yongcheng(China Ship Scientific Research Center,Wuxi 214082,China)

机构地区：[1]中国船舶科学研究中心,江苏无锡214082

出　　处：《中国舰船研究》2020年第2期8-16,共9页Chinese Journal of Ship Research

摘　　要：[目的]对于水下航行体的艉布局而言,相较十字形艉布局,X形艉布局具有不超宽、降低舵卡严重后果等优点。由于X形艉布局及其操纵较为特殊,其水动力特性与十字形不同。以SUBOFF为原型,通过数值计算对比十字形和X形艉布局航行体的操纵性水动力特性。[方法]首先,对比十字形艉布局线性水动力的数值计算与模型试验数据,确定数值计算的网格参数;其次,对全动舵面积相同的X形艉布局航行体线性水动力进行预报,并与十字形艉布局进行对比;最后,采用体积力模拟螺旋桨抽吸,对比研究两方案操纵性水动力特性的差异。[结果]结果表明:在相同全动舵面积下,相较十字形艉,X形艉布局航行体水平面静不稳定系数略小,垂直面静不稳定系数略大;受相邻两舵干扰影响,X形航行体垂直面、水平面舵力特性具有较为明显的不对称性,舵导数减小约27%;抽吸显著改变了十字形和X形艉布局航行体的水动力,舵导数增大约15%~18%。[结论]研究成果可为水下航行体操纵性设计提供一定的借鉴。[Objectives]Underwater vehicles with an X-plane arrangement can be designed to handle plane control jams,and are characterized by their safety over vehicles with a cruciform arrangement.Because of the different arrangement and control mode of the X-plane arrangement,its hydrodynamic characteristics are different from those of a cruciform arrangement.[Methods]Numerical simulations of the cruciform arrangement are carried out on SUBOFF and validated first with the model test results and then in combination with the determined meshing method.The hydrodynamic characteristics of the X-plane arrangement are then studied and compared with those of a cruciform arrangement with the same rudder area.Finally,simulations of both the cruciform and X-plane arrangements with propellers modelled by body force are carried out.[Results]The results show that the horizontal and vertical stability coefficient of the X-plane arrangement is almost the same and declines compared with those of the cruciform arrangement respectively.The force characteristics of the X-plane arrangement are nonlinear with its angle,and the derivatives of the rudder decline by about 27%.The pump effect improves the stability coefficients and enhances the derivatives of the control surface by about 15%-18%.[Conclusions]The results of this study can provide guiding references for the design of underwater vehicles.

关 键 词：SUBOFF 操纵面 水动力特性 静不稳定系数 数值模拟 

分 类 号：U661.1[交通运输工程—船舶及航道工程]