高校学生评教结果缘何失效——影响因素、逆向选择机制及其治理路径研究  

Why Students’ Evaluation on Teaching is Invalid?Influencing Factors,Adverse Selection Mechanism and the Ways of University Governance

作　　者：李盼道 孟庆瑞 LI Pan-dao;MENG Qing-rui(School of History and Society Management,Dezhou University,Shandong Dezhou 253023,China;College of Economics and Management,Zhejiang A&F University,Hangzhou 311300,China)

机构地区：[1]德州学院历史与社会管理学院,山东德州253023 [2]浙江农林大学经济管理学院,杭州311300

出　　处：《教育学报》2020年第2期85-96,共12页Journal of Educational Studies

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目“大数据时代大学生思想政治教育实效性研究”(项目编号:16BKS115)的阶段性研究成果。

摘　　要：运用文献法、访谈法、扎根理论和逻辑演绎法,建构影响高校学生评教有效性的理论模型,阐释影响因素对于逆向评教产生影响的作用机理。从目前高校评教所暴露出的突出问题,提出提高高校学生评教有效性的治理路径。研究认为,影响评教结果的主要因素包括学生因素、教师因素、学校因素以及课程因素。评教容易导致两个方向的逆向选择,其一是学生对教师评教的逆向选择,其二是教师为应对学生评教和学校制度安排对教学方式和管理方式的逆向选择。前一种逆向选择取决于学生的目标函数或偏好选择,后一种逆向选择取决于学校的制度安排。两种逆向选择构成一个彼此强化的反馈结构,形成负向强化并造成恶性循环,最终危及学校的整体教学质量和水平。Using the methods of literature analysis,in-depth interview,grounded theory and logical deduction,this paper constructs a theoretical model that influences the effectiveness of the results of evaluation on teaching,expounds the mechanism of influencing factors for adverse evaluation on teaching,points out the main problems exposed in the evaluation on teaching,and puts forward the ways of university governance to improve the effectiveness of the evaluation on teaching.According to the study,the main factors that influence the result of the evaluation include students,teachers,universities and courses.It is easy to lead the adverse selection at two directions,one is the students’ evaluation on the teachers,and the other is the teaching method and the management mode by the teachers in response to the student’s evaluation and the universities’ system.The former is dependent on the students’ objective function or preference selection,while the latter is based on the institutional arrangement of the universities.The two kinds of adverse selection form a feedback structure that is strengthened with each other,form negative reinforcement,cause a vicious circle,and finally endanger the overall quality and level of teaching.

关 键 词：学生评教 逆向选择机制 治理路径 扎根理论 深度访谈 损失厌恶 

分 类 号：G472[文化科学—教育学]