新时代中职教育发展不平衡、不充分问题及其化解  

The Unbalanced and Inadequate Development of Secondary Vocational Education in the New Era and Its Solution

作　　者：汪恭礼 WANG Gongli(Xuancheng School of Information Engineering,Xuancheng Anhui 242002;Anhui University,Hefei Anhui 230039)

机构地区：[1]宣城市信息工程学校,安徽宣城242002 [2]安徽大学中国三农问题研究中心,安徽合肥230039

出　　处：《当代职业教育》2020年第3期26-34,共9页Contemporary Vocational Education

基　　金：中华职业教育社2020年重点调研课题子课题“新时代中职教育发展不平衡、不充分问题及其化解”(编号:ZJS20200315);2020年度安徽省宣城市社科类调研课题“新时代高质量发展背景下中职教育面临的现实困境与化解”(编号:xcsklB2054)。

摘　　要：新时代我国经济已由高速增长阶段转向高质量发展阶段,中职教育则是培养高质量发展急需的技能型劳动力、解决劳动力要素短缺与富余共存之间矛盾的主要力量之一,是体现新时代教育公平、满足学生需求、实现高质量发展、实施乡村振兴战略以及打胜脱贫攻坚战等不可或缺的教育形式。但是目前中职教育却存在吸引力不断降低、普职规模难以大体相当、各地区普职比层次不齐、无法满足“上好学”等发展不平衡、不充分的问题,影响了高质量发展对劳动力素质提升的内在要求。为了进一步促进中职教育发展,满足新时代高质量发展的需求,应降低就业学历的门槛,充分营造公平就业制度环境;建立升学直通车,让学生有更多教育选择机会;加强调控力度,保持普职大体相当,同时充分发挥中职教育的自身优势,加强制度建设,提升教育质量。In the new era,China's economy has changed from a stage of high-speed growth to a stage of high-quality development.Secondary vocational education is one of the main forces to cultivate the skilled labor that is urgently needed for high-quality development and to solve the contradiction between the shortage of labor elements and the coexistence of surplus.It is an indispensable form of education that embodies the fairness of education in the new era,meets the needs of students,realizes high-quality development,implements the strategy of rural revitalization and fights against poverty.However,at present,secondary vocational education has the following problems:the attraction continues to decline,the scale of general vocational education is difficult to be roughly equal,the level of general vocational education in various regions is uneven,and the development of secondary vocational education is unbalanced and inadequate,which affects the inherent requirements of high-quality development for improving the quality of labor force.In order to further promote the development of secondary vocational education and meet the needs of high-quality development in the new era,the threshold of employment qualifications should be lowered,and a fair employment system environment should be fully created.Direct education channels should be established to give students more educational choices.It is also necessary to strengthen regulation and control,maintain the general level of education,at the same time give full play to the advantages of secondary vocational education,strengthen the system construction,and improve the quality of education.

关 键 词：新时代 中职教育 不平衡 不充分 教育公平 

分 类 号：G710[文化科学—职业技术教育学]