3种有毒赤潮微藻对海岸底泥微生物群落多样性的影响  

Effects of toxic microalgae on bacterial community diversity in coastal sediments

作　　者：刘仁沿[1] 宋珊珊 宫常宝 李冬梅[1] 刘磊[1] 梁玉波[1] 隋世峰 LIU Renyan;SONG Shanshan;GONG Changbao;LI Dongmei;LIU Lei;LIANG Yubo;SUI Shifeng(National Marine Environmental Monitoring Center,Dalian 116023,China;College of Environmental and Chemical Engineering,Dalian Jiaotong University,Dalian 116028,China)

机构地区：[1]国家海洋环境监测中心,大连116023 [2]大连交通大学环境与化学工程学院,大连116028

出　　处：《应用与环境生物学报》2020年第2期339-347,共9页Chinese Journal of Applied and Environmental Biology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41576120);国家重点研发计划(2017YFC1404303)资助。

摘　　要：为评估海洋有毒赤潮微藻对生态系统的影响,使用培养的产毒微藻作用于海岸底泥,利用Illumina Miseq高通量测序平台进行细菌16S rRNA测序,分析比较产毒的网状原角藻(Protoceratium reticulate)、利玛原甲藻(Prorocentrum lima)、微小亚历山大藻(Alexandrium minutum)对海洋微生物细菌群落结构组成和多样性的作用影响.结果表明:金藻实验组的细菌群落多样性(Chao1、ACE、Shannon)指数最大,利玛原甲藻最小.海岸底泥系统中6个优势细菌门是变形菌门(Proteobacteria)、拟杆菌门(Bacteroidetes)、厚壁菌门(Firmicutes)、浮霉菌门(Planctomycetes)、绿弯菌门(Chlorofexi)、放线菌门(Actinobcteria);金藻和海水实验组的细菌在门、纲、目、科、属、种6个分类水平上都具有较高的类群数;利玛原甲藻实验组在除种和属以外的4个分类水平上,都具有最低类群数.因此,有毒赤潮微藻及其毒素对于微生态细菌可能具有毒性作用,影响其周围生境中细菌群落结构及其多样性;本研究结果从微生态角度评价有毒微藻及藻毒素的作用影响,可为全面了解有害藻华及有毒微藻对海洋生态系统的潜在危害提供基础.(图8表2参40)To assess the effects of toxic microalgae in harmful algal blooms(HABs)on coastal ecosystems,the composition and diversity of a coastal sediment bacterial community was determined by analyzing 16S rRNA clone libraries using MiSeq high-throughput sequencing.The effects of toxic dinoflagellates on the composition and microbial diversity associated with Protoceratium reticulatum,Prorocentrum lima,and Alexandrium minutum,which were cultured in the laboratory,were studied for the first time.The bacterial community diversity of Isochrysis galbana was the highest while that of Prorocentrum lima was the smallest as calculated by the Shannon,ACE,and Chao1 indices.The dominant phyla were Proteobacteria,Bacteroidetes,Firmicutes,Planctomycetes,Chlorofexi,and Actinobcteria.The phylum,class,order,and family abundance of the bacterial community were all lower in Prorocentrum lima.The phylum,class,order,family,genus,and species abundance of the bacterial community were all relatively higher in Isochrysis galbana and sea water.Significant differences were present with regard to the abundance and diversity of the bacterial community between Prorocentrum lima and Isochrysis galbana.These results suggest that the diversity within bacterial communities was sensitive to toxic microalgae and phycotoxins,that toxic red tides may play a role in structuring bacterial communities,and that the effects of phycotoxins select either in favor or against specific species.This study provides data to understand and assess the effects of toxic microalgae and phycotoxins on microbial ecosystems and provides theoretical and technical support to reveal the harm of HABs in coastal ecosystems.

关 键 词：有毒微藻 网状原角藻 利玛原甲藻 微小亚历山大藻 微生物群落多样性 16S rRNA高通量测序 

分 类 号：X172[环境科学与工程—环境科学] P73[天文地球—海洋科学]