陕西省宝鸡市食用菌铅、镉含量测定及污染的风险评估  

Determination of lead,cadmium in edible fungus and risk assessment of pollution in Baoji of Shaanxi

作　　者：梁文革[1] 杨君[1] 高涛[1] 贾敏[1] 任婧[1] LIANG Wenge;YANG Jun;GAO Tao;JIA Min;REN Jing(Baoji Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Shaanxi721006,China)

机构地区：[1]宝鸡市疾病预防控制中心,陕西721006

出　　处：《医学动物防制》2020年第6期527-529,533,共4页Journal of Medical Pest Control

基　　金：陕西省卫生厅科研立项(2014C6);宝鸡市卫健委科研立项(2018-55)。

摘　　要：目的对宝鸡市市售食用菌中铅、镉含量水平进行测定和评估,评价其食用安全性。方法采集宝鸡市农贸市场及超市平菇、鸡腿菇、香菇、金针菇、杏鲍菇共103份样品为监测对象,用石墨炉原子吸收光谱法测定铅、镉元素含量,以危害指数(hazard quotient,HQ)进行健康风险评估。结果5种食用菌菇中铅、镉的平均含量总体处于较低水平,途径摄入铅、镉的HQ值均小于1,不存在摄入风险。不同食用菌菇之间金属铅、镉元素含量总体上差异有统计学意义(H=28.39,P<0.01;H=35.39,P<0.01),铅含量香菇>鸡腿菇>杏鲍菇>平菇>金针菇,镉含量鸡腿菇>平菇>香菇>杏鲍菇>金针菇。结论宝鸡市市售食用菌中铅、镉含量处于较低水平,摄入风险低,但应加强食用菌栽培材料、栽培环境和包装材料等质量监控,降低因食用菌类而引起的铅、镉摄入风险。Objective To evaluate the determination of lead and cadmium in edible fungi in Baoji,and assess its edible safety.Methods A total of 103 samples,including oyster mushroom,coprinus comatus,shiitake,needle mushroom and pleurotus eryngii,were collected from Baoji farmers market and supermarkets.The content of lead and cadmium was determined by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry.The hazard index(HQ) was used for health risk assessment.Results The average levels of lead and cadmium in five kinds of edible mushroom were lower,and the HQ value of ingesting lead and cadmium was less than 1,so there was no risk of ingestion.The content of lead and cadmium in different edible mushrooms was statistically significant(H=28.39,P<0.01;H=35.39,P<0.01).The order of the content of lead from high to low was shiitake,coprinus comatus,pleurotus eryngii,oyster mushroom,needle mushroom.The order of thecontent of cadmium from high to low was coprinus comatus,oyster mushroom,shiitake,pleurotus eryngii,and needle mushroom.Conclusion The content of lead and cadmium in edible fungi sold in Baoji was low and the risk of ingestion was low,but the quality control of edible fungi cultivation materials,cultivation environment and packaging materials should be strengthened to reduce the risk of lead and cadmium intake caused by edible fungi.

关 键 词：食用菌 含量 重金属 铅 镉 评估 食品安全 

分 类 号：R155[医药卫生—营养与食品卫生学]