不同产地原料和不同工艺制取文冠果油的综合品质研究  

Study on comprehensive quality of Xanthoceras sorbifolia Bunge oil from different producing areas and different processes

作　　者：刘玉兰[1] 郭莹莹[1] LIU Yu-lan;GUO Ying-ying(College of Food Science and Technology,Henan University of Technology,Zhengzhou 450001,Henan,China)

机构地区：[1]河南工业大学粮油食品学院,河南郑州450001

出　　处：《粮食与油脂》2020年第6期1-6,共6页Cereals & Oils

基　　金：“十三五”国家重点研发计划子课题“油料油脂适度加工过程品质控制关键技术研发与示范”项目(2016YFD0401405)。

摘　　要：选取不同产地的文冠果籽,分别采用冷榨法、热榨法和浸出法提取其中油脂,并对油脂的综合品质进行检测分析,研究不同产地原料及不同工艺所制取文冠果油综合品质的差异。结果显示:文冠果油的酸值为0.38~0.56 mg/g,过氧化值为0.21~0.66 mmol/kg,碘值为103.27~115.74 g/100g,皂化值为164.77~187.98 mgKOH/g,不皂化物为0.71%~1.00%,色泽淡黄色至黄色(Y30.0,R≤1.8),有坚果香味,但后味略有苦涩味;文冠果油中不饱和脂肪酸含量90.59%~92.33%,其中油酸含量28.29%~32.88%,亚油酸含量39.71%~44.44%,神经酸含量2.45%~3.98%;文冠果油中维生素E含量719.53~792.10 mg/kg(其中生育三烯酚占维生素E总量的45.95%~49.08%),甾醇含量91.39~166.15 mg/100g,磷脂含量0.35~2.25 mg/g,单宁含量0.04%~0.33%,总黄酮含量0.12~0.84 mg/mL,总酚含量2.79~8.79 mgGAE/100g,植酸未检出。文冠果油中含有少见的功能性脂肪酸-神经酸,同时富含多种生理活性成分,是营养价值很高的一种植物油,但其中含有的单宁可能是造成余味略带苦涩感的原因。Seeds from different producing areas were selected and oil was extracted by cold pressing,hot pressing and leaching methods,and the comprehensive quality of oil was detected and analyzed,so as to study the difference of the comprehensive quality of oil from different producing areas.The results showed that the acid value of Xanthoceras sorbifolia Bunge oil was 0.38~0.56 mg/g,the peroxide value was 0.21~0.66 mmol/kg,the iodine value was 103.27~115.74 g/100g,and the saponification value was 164.77~187.98 mgKOH/g,unsaponification matter content was 0.71%~1.00%,and the color was light yellow to yellow(Y30.0,R≤1.8).It has a nutty aroma,but the aftertaste is slightly bitter.The unsaturated fatty acid content in Xanthoceras sorbifolia Bunge oil was 90.59%~92.33%,of which the content of oleic acid was 28.29%~32.88%,the content of linoleic acid was 39.71%~44.44%,and the content of neural acid was 2.45%~3.98%;the content of vitamin E in Fructus Xanthoceras sorbifolia Bunge oil was 719.53~792.10 mg/kg(tocotrienols account for 45.95%~49.08%of the total vitamin E),sterol content 91.39~166.15 mg/100g,phospholipid content 0.35~2.25 mg/g,tannin content 0.04%~0.33%,total flavonoid content 0.12~0.84 mg/mL,total phenols content was 2.79~8.79 mgGAE/100g,phytic acid was not detected.Xanthoceras sorbifolia Bunge oil contains a rare functional fatty acid-neuratic acid and is rich in a variety of physiologically active ingredients.It is a vegetable oil with high nutritional value,but the tannins in it may be responsible for the slightly bitter aftertaste.

关 键 词：文冠果油 原料产地 制油工艺 油脂质量 活性成分 综合品质 

分 类 号：TS225.19[轻工技术与工程—粮食、油脂及植物蛋白工程]