亚里士多德(或欧洲传统)逻辑与后期墨家逻辑中的等价公理——对逻辑与理性普遍性的论证  

Equivalent Axioms of Aristotelian,or Traditional European,Logic and Later Mohist Logic——An argument in favor of the universality of logic and rationality

作　　者： 张靖杰(译) Gregor Paul;ZHANG Jing-jie(University of Karlsruhe,Karlsruhe 76131,Germany;School of Humanities,Shanghai Jiaotong University,Shanghai 200240,China)

机构地区：[1]德国卡尔斯鲁大学,卡尔斯鲁76131 [2]上海交通大学人文学院,上海200240

出　　处：《贵阳学院学报（社会科学版）》2020年第3期94-103,共10页Journal of Guiyang University:Social Sciences

摘　　要：在跨文化研究中,是否存在放诸四海而皆准的“逻辑”是一个值得关注的问题。中国传统的思想家对逻辑言之甚少,且更倾向于诗性的表达,因此往往被视为(相对而言)非逻辑的。通过比较亚里士多德逻辑中最为普遍的公理与后期墨家文本中关于逻辑问题的公式化表达,经由两者公理的等价性来论证逻辑与理性的普遍存在。可以认为:基本的逻辑规则并不依赖于某些特定的文化、语言与本体论前提,也不建立在特定的“真理”概念之上。The question of whether there is the universally acceptable logic makes a very important point among the scholars engaged in cross-cultural studies.Chinese traditional thinkers say little about logic and are more inclined to the poetic or aesthetic forms of expression,which makes them comparatively illogical.This paper compares the axioms of Aristotelian logic with the Later Mohist’s formulations of logic rules to prove the equivalence between them and the universality of logic and reason.That is to say,the basic logical rules do not depend on the factors such as culture,language and ontological presupposition,or the concept of“truth”as well.

关 键 词：亚里士多德逻辑 后期墨家逻辑 公理 真理 普遍理性 

分 类 号：B502.233[哲学宗教—外国哲学]