你我有别:关系如何影响道德责任归因  

Interpersonal Differences: How Does the Relationship Affect the Attribution of Moral Responsibility

作　　者：郭喨[1,2] GUO Liang(Guanghua Law School,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou,Zhejiang 310008,China;Institute of Science,Technology and Law,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou,Zhejiang 310008,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江大学光华法学院,浙江杭州310008 [2]浙江大学科技与法律研究中心,浙江杭州310008

出　　处：《长沙理工大学学报（社会科学版）》2020年第4期23-29,共7页Journal of Changsha University of Science and Technology：Social Science

基　　金：国家社会科学基金青年项目(15CZX017);浙江大学争创优秀博士学位论文资助(201502)。

摘　　要：道德责任归因是对道德责任进行认定与划分的过程。综合考察发现,人们在进行道德责任归因时会受到“人际关系”与“角色类型”的影响:与归因者利益关系的亲疏远近,会决定归因者对其“内部归因”还是“外部归因”;对特定角色、特定行为的期待会影响归因;“区分你我”是人类的一种天性,人们往往对自己与他人采用不同的归因标准:在自我责任归因中,适用于他人责任归因的特点和免责条件失效了,对自己倾向于内部归因,免责条件较之他人也更为苛刻。证据展示了人类“道德责任归因”的特殊性与复杂性。Through comprehensive investigation,we found that people's attribution of moral responsibility is influenced by interpersonal relationship.First,the closeness or alienation of the attributor's interest relationship would determine whether the attribution is"internal attribution"or"external attribution".In addition,expectations of certain behaviors made by certain kind of roles will affect people's attribution.Last but not least,it's a kind of human nature that people distinguished"you"from"me"and thus using different attribution standards for ourselves and others.In the attribution of self-responsibility,the characteristics applicable to other people's attribution of responsibility and the condition of exemption from liability are invalid.Evidence shows the particularity and complexity of responsibility attribution.

关 键 词：道德责任归因 内部归因 外部归因 自我归因 自尊 自我中心 

分 类 号：B82[哲学宗教—伦理学]