美国“幼小衔接”动作技能学习对我国学前运动教育的启示  

Inspirations from American“kindergarten and elementary school connected”movement skill learning to preschool movement education in China

作　　者：马瑞[1] 沈建华[1] 王改芳[1] MA Rui;SHEN Jian-hua;WANG Gai-fang(School of Physical Education,Shanghai Normal University,Shanghai 200234,China)

机构地区：[1]上海师范大学体育学院,上海200234

出　　处：《体育学刊》2020年第4期121-126,共6页Journal of Physical Education

基　　金：全国教育科学规划教育部重点课题(BLA160287)。

摘　　要：分析美国国家体育课程标准幼小阶段动作技能学习成果,厘清幼儿园和小学动作技能发展的联系与区别。研究认为:学前儿童动作技能学习发展应优先发展粗大肢体动作,位移动作发展强调动作的平衡表现;遵循由单侧肢体到对侧肢体动作,再到上下左右侧肢体协调动作的掌握顺序;操控动作学练不宜复杂,需注意器材的适宜性,部分难度动作开始强调动作的关键环节。据此提出我国学前儿童动作技能发展的新构架、教学理念的新设想、教学实践的新审视。The authors analyzed the achievements of movement skill learning at the kindergarten and elementary school stages in US National Physical Education Standards,and clarified the relations and differences between kindergarten and elementary school movement skill development.The authors concluded the followings:preschool children movement skill learning development should give priority to developing big limb movement,displacement movement development should emphasize the balance performance of movement;follow the order of mastering from unilateral limb movement to contralateral limb movement,and then to upper,lower,left and right limb coordinated movement;manipulation movement learning should not be complicated,attention should be paid to equipment suitability;at the beginning of some difficult movement,key links in the movement should be emphasized.Accordingly,the authors put forward a new framework of preschool children movement skill development in China,a new conception of teaching philosophy,and a new perspective of teaching practice.

关 键 词：幼儿体育 动作技能 运动教育 幼小衔接 学前儿童 

分 类 号：G807.1[文化科学—体育训练]