中国近代第一所女子学校若干问题新探  

A New Study on the First Girls’School in Modern China

作　　者：田力[1] TIAN Li(College of Humanities and Communication,Ningbo University,Ningbo 315211,China)

机构地区：[1]宁波大学人文与传媒学院,浙江宁波315211

出　　处：《宁波大学学报（教育科学版）》2020年第4期114-123,共10页Journal of Ningbo University(Educational Science Edition)

基　　金：浙江文化研究工程重点课题“浙江与英国历史关系研究”(17WH20018ZD-1Z);宁波大学课堂教学改革项目“《世界史史料学》课程教学改革与模式创新研究”(JYXMXKG202010)。

摘　　要：1844年创建的宁波女塾是中国近代第一所女子学校,在中国教育史上具有十分重要的地位。但由于缺少史料,学界对于该校的研究相当贫乏,基本史实不清,旧说误说层积。论文在较为全面占有资料的基础上,考辨出学校的创办者是西方来华的首位独立女传教士,被时人称为“马利姑娘”;宁波女塾不是严格意义上的教会学校,而是一所英式的慈善学校。在教学方法上,该校最早引入裴斯泰洛齐的教育新方法和导生制到中国;教学内容上,大致沿袭了英国慈善学校的课程,但也做了修改变化。此外,宁波女塾的办学模式在近代早期来华传教士所设立的学校中也具有代表性。The Ningbo Girls’Boarding School,China’s first modern girl school founded in 1844,played an important role in the history of Chinese education.However,there is little research due to lack of data,confusing historical facts,clichés and misconceptions.This paper examined the existing materials and found that the founder of the school was the first independent Western female missionary,locally called“Ma Li Gu Niang”in Chinese.Strictly speaking,the school was not the a mission school,but an English style charity school.Pedagogically,the school introduced Pestalozzi's new method of education and tutorial system to China for the first time,and borrowed the traditional subjects from English charity schools with proper modifications.And it also found that the school-running model is characteristic of the schools founded by the early western missionaries in China.

关 键 词：马利姑娘 宁波女塾 慈善学校 裴斯泰洛齐 导生制 

分 类 号：G529[文化科学—教育学]