2013-2018年四川省食源性疾病哨点医院主动监测结果分析  

Foodborne disease active surveillance in the sentinel hospital of Sichuan Province, 2013-2018

作　　者：陈文[1] 兰真[1] 杨小蓉[1] 张誉[1] CHEN Wen;LAN Zhen;YANG Xiao-Rong;ZHANG Yu(Sichuan Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Chengdu,Sichuan 610041,China)

机构地区：[1]四川省疾病预防控制中心,四川成都610041

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2020年第13期2466-2470,共5页Modern Preventive Medicine

摘　　要：目的了解四川省食源性疾病发生特点,为制定预防控制措施提供科学依据。方法收集14家哨点医院符合病例定义的病人基本信息,并采集粪便或肛拭标本进行病原学检测,采用Excel 2013对数据进行整理,采用SPSS 18. 0对数据进行分析。结果 2013-2018年全省14家哨点医院监测患者样本26 862份,检出阳性菌株1 227株,总阳性检出率为4. 60%,其中沙门氏菌最多占89. 42%,7月份、1~5岁阳性率最高,阳性率分别为7. 88%、9. 13%,不同月份、年龄组的阳性率差异均有统计学意义,χ^2值分别为337. 072、349. 358,P值均<0. 001,可疑暴露食品以肉与肉制品最多,占20. 91%,可疑食品加工及包装方式中家庭自制最多,占29. 81%,可疑食品进食场所中家庭最多,占65. 35%。临床症状主要以消化系统为主占79. 19%,腹泻最多占53. 40%。结论建议在高发时间对高发人群加强健康教育,建议将新兴媒体和传统媒体结合起来在托幼机构、学校开展宣传,通过家庭医生向家庭成员传播正确的知识来到达健康教育的目的。Objective To understand the characteristics of foodborne diseases of Sichuan,and to provide scientific basis for disease control and prevention. Methods The patients who met the case definition in 14 sentinel hospitals were involved to collect their basic information and stool or anal swab samples for pathogens detection. The data was sorted out and analyzed by Excel 2013 and SPSS18. 0. Results A total of 26862 samples of patients from 14 sentinel hospitals were enrolled from 2013 to2018,and 1227 strains of positive pathogens were detected with the detection rate of 4. 60%. Among the positive pathogens,the major pathogen was salmonella,accounting for 89. 42%. July,1-5 years old group had the highest positive rate,accounting for7. 88%,9. 13%,respectively,,the difference of positive rate in different months and in different age groups were both statistically significant,χ^2 were 337. 072 and 349. 358 respectively,P < 0. 001. The largest proportion of suspected food was meat and its products,accounting for 20. 91%,and the major way of processing and packaging of suspected food was homemade,accounting for 29. 81%. The suspected food was mainly took from home,accounting for 65. 35%. The most clinical symptoms occurred in the digestive system,accounting for 79. 19%,and diarrhea was the most common symptom,accounting for 53. 40%. Conclusion It is suggested that health education should be strengthened among high risk populationat the high incidence time. It is suggested that new media and traditional media should be combined to carry out propaganda in the kindergartens and schools. Disseminating correct knowledge to family members through family doctors should be done to achieve the goal of health education.

关 键 词：食源性疾病 哨点医院 主动监测 

分 类 号：R155.3[医药卫生—营养与食品卫生学]