技术促进学生批判性思维发展教学机理的实践探究  

Technology enhanced critical thinking instruction:practical considerations

作　　者：毕景刚[1] 韩颖[1] 董玉琦 Jinggang Bi;Ying Han;Yuqi Dong

机构地区：[1]吉林师范大学教育科学学院,136000 [2]上海师范大学教育学院,200234

出　　处：《中国远程教育》2020年第7期41-49,76,77,共11页Chinese Journal of Distance Education

基　　金：全国教育科学“十三五”规划2017年度教育部重点课题“促进中学生批判性思维发展的在线学习活动设计研究”(项目编号:DCA170310)。

摘　　要：在技术改善学习的研究背景下,开展技术促进学生批判性思维发展的教学研究是一种新的尝试,探究技术促进学生批判性思维发展的教学机理更具有较高的教育意义和实践价值。本研究围绕初中议论文写作评改这一学习内容,设计并实施了为期16周的对比教学准实验研究。研究发现,"一写三改一反思"议论文写作评改的活动环节、基于思维导图技术的议论文写作评改支架、虚拟在线交流平台均对学生的批判性思维发展具有促进作用;应用混合技术的教学效果明显优于应用单一技术的教学效果。本研究从两个视角对技术促进学生批判性思维发展的教学机理进行概括:一是从技术发挥作用的视角,可概括为"技术促进学生思维的显性化、结构化及反思的系统化";二是从技术促进问题解决的视角,可概括为"问题确定、提出方案、质疑交流、系统反思"这一问题解决逻辑路径。教学机理的提出是对相关教学理论的一种促进和提升,也为教学实践提供了理论参考。In the research context of technology-enhanced learning,a new attempt is to focus on the development of technology-enhanced critical thinking of students,the instructional mechanism of which is of great educational and practical significance.A 16-week quasi-experimental study was designed and implemented,focusing on the learning content of argumentative writing and evaluation in a junior high school.The results show that the“write-revise-reflect”model,mindmap-based marking scaffolding of argumentative writing,and virtual online communication platforms can promote the development of students'critical thinking.The teaching effectiveness of applying integrated technologies is obviously better than a single technology.This study summarizes the instructional mechanism of technology promoting the development of students’critical thinking from two perspectives:the role of technology,that is,technology promoting the explicit,structural and reflective thinking of students,and technology-enhanced problem solving,that is,the logical solution of problem identification,solution proposal,questioning and communication,and systematic reflection.The proposed teaching mechanism may serve as a theoretical reference for teaching practice.

关 键 词：批判性思维 教学机理 实践探究 议论文写作 活动模型 思维导图 虚拟在线交流平台 混合技术 

分 类 号：G642.0[文化科学—高等教育学]