高速受电弓弹性元件失效分析与结构优化  

Failure Analysis and Structural Optimization for Elastic Element of High-speed Pantograph

作　　者：杨瀛瑜 蒋聪健 吕阶军 YANG Yingyu;JIANG Congjian;LYU Jiejun(CRRC Zhuzhou Locomotive Co.,Ltd.,Zhuzhou,Hunan 412001,China)

机构地区：[1]中车株洲电力机车有限公司,湖南株洲412001

出　　处：《机车电传动》2020年第3期115-117,121,共4页Electric Drive for Locomotives

摘　　要：高速受电弓的弹性元件用于缓解弓网间的冲击和振动,以确保弓头动态受流稳定可靠,弹性元件长期在空气动力和弓网耦合等复杂工况下运行容易出现失效现象,所以解决弹性元件失效以提升安全性和可靠性成为改善弓网受流质量的关键问题。文章在介绍CRH380型高速动车组受电弓运用中弹性元件疲劳失效现象的基础上,从弹性元件结构、强度校核和疲劳寿命测试3个方面,分析弹性元件疲劳失效原因并进行结构优化,通过试验测试和线路运用验证了改进效果。测试表明,改进方案的疲劳试验寿命是原方案的31.8倍,大大提高了弹性元件使用寿命。The elastic element of high-speed pantograph is used to relieve the shock and vibration between pantograph and catenary to ensure the dynamic current collection of pantograph head is stable and reliable. The elastic element is prone to failure when it operates under complex working conditions such as aerodynamic force and pantograph catenary coupling for a long time. How to solve the failure of elastic element to improve the safety and reliability becomes the key problem to improve the current collection quality of pantograph and catenary. Based on the analysis of the fatigue failure of elastic element in the application of CRH380 highspeed EMUs pantograph, the causes of the fatigue failure of elastic element were analyzed and the structure was optimized from the three aspects of elastic element structure, strength check and fatigue life test. Through the test and application, the improvement effect was fully verified. The test results show that the fatigue test life of the improved scheme is 31.8 times of that of the original scheme, the service life of elastic element is greatly improved.

关 键 词：高速受电弓 高速动车组 空气动力 弓网耦合 疲劳失效 弹性元件 接触网 故障诊断 

分 类 号：U266.2[机械工程—车辆工程] U264.34[交通运输工程—载运工具运用工程]