政策过程视域下我国残疾人职业教育支持服务体系的建构、困境与优化  

The Construction,Dilemma and Optimization of China’s Vocational Education Support Service System for the Disabled from the Perspective of Policy Process

作　　者：孙会[1] 张金福[2] Sun Hui;Zhang Jinfu(Nanjing Normal University of Special Education,Nanjing 210038)

机构地区：[1]南京特殊教育师范学院,南京210038 [2]南京特殊教育师范学院组织部

出　　处：《职业技术教育》2020年第19期46-51,共6页Vocational and Technical Education

基　　金：国家社科基金项目“残疾人基本公共服务供需匹配及政策优化研究”(18BR K008),主持人:许巧仙。

摘　　要：残疾人职业教育的宗旨是希望残疾人通过教育获得就业或创业能力,从而实现其个体发展和与社会融合的目标。残疾人职业教育支持服务体系的政策演变同步于特殊教育政策体系的演变。从政策过程的视域下分析,我国残疾人职业教育支持服务体系经历了早期孵化阶段、嵌入发展与实践起步阶段、体系化和战略化阶段、转型和内涵提升阶段。在支持服务体系具体运行中,受制于诸多因素,还存在政策文本结构不完善、政策执行主体不确定、政策实施模式单一、政策文本表述缺乏可操作性等结构性困境。未来还需要从政策体系的完善、政策执行主体的明确、管理模式的改革、政策文本的实施细则等方面进行优化。The purpose of vocational education for persons with disabilities is to enable them to obtain employment or entrepreneurship through education, thus achieving their goals of individual development and social integration. The policy evolution of the support service system of vocational education for the disabled coincides with that of the special education policy system. From the perspective of policy process, China’s vocational education support service system for the disabled has gone through the early incubation stage, the starting stage of embedded development and practice, the systematic and strategic stage, the transformation and the connotation improvement stage. In the specific operation of the supporting service system, it is subjective to many factors, and there are structural difficulties such as imperfect structure of policy text, uncertain subject of policy implementation, single mode of policy implementation, and lack of operability of policy text expression. Therefore, it is necessary to optimize from the aspects of perfecting the policy system, clarifying the subject of policy implementation, reforming the management mode, and implementing the rules of policy text.

关 键 词：政策过程 残疾人 职业教育 支持服务体系 特殊教育 

分 类 号：G719.2[文化科学—职业技术教育学]