清代满汉合璧会话书汉语部分方所词特殊用法研究  

Study on the Special Usage of Localizers and Place Words in the Chinese Part of Manchu-Chinese Conversation Textbooks in the Qing Dynasty

作　　者：张俊阁[1] ZHANG Jun-ge

机构地区：[1]山东师范大学文学院,山东济南250014

出　　处：《古汉语研究》2020年第3期79-91,127,128,共15页Research in Ancient Chinese Language

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目“满语对清代旗人汉语的语法干扰及其对北京话语法的影响研究”(17BYY142);山东省社会科学规划研究项目“基于白话报刊的清末民初白话语法研究(1897-1918)”(16CZWJ38)。

摘　　要：经过对满汉合璧会话书《清文启蒙》等中满汉比较对照,认为汉语会话部分方位处所词"上/上头""里/里头""跟(根)前""去处"等与规范汉语不同的用法是对译满语与位格助词-de、原因后置词jakade/ofi、动词后缀-fi/-qi、方位词dolo以及处所词ba的结果。由元代以来的汉语文献语料看,只有表原因的"因此上"这种蒙汉/满汉叠加羡余形式被汉语所吸纳。Comparing the Manchu and Chinese in the Manchu-Chinese conversation textbooks Qingwen Qimeng and so on,it points out that the special usages of localizers and place words in Chinese conversation,such as shang/shangtou(上/上头),li/litou(里/里头),genqian(跟/根前),quchu(去处),are the result of mainly copying Manchu case auxiliary-de,causal postposition jakade/ofi,verb suffix-fi/-qi,localizer dolo and place word ba.According to the Chinese documents since the Yuan dynasty,only the Mongolian-Chinese/Manchu-Chinese superimposed form Yincishang(因此上)which expresses the reason has been retained in Chinese.

关 键 词：满汉合璧文献 方位词 处所词 语言接触 

分 类 号：H146.2[语言文字—汉语]