三种干燥方式处理对稻谷品质的影响研究  

Impact of Three Drying Methods on Rice Quality

作　　者：袁攀强 杨思成[1] 赵会义 张洪清 田琳 张浩 王永 曹阳 Yuan Panqiang;Yang Sicheng;Zhao Huiyi;Zhang Hongqing;Tian Lin;Zhang Hao;Wang Yong;Cao Yang(Wuhan Polytechnic University,Wuhan430023;Academy of National Food and Strategic Reserves Administration,Beijing100037;Qingbaijiang National Grain Reserve,Chengdu610300;Sichuan Guanghan Jingli Equipment Manufacturing Co.,Ltd.,Deyang618300)

机构地区：[1]武汉轻工大学,武汉430023 [2]国家粮食和物资储备局科学研究院,北京100037 [3]青白江国家粮食储备库,成都610300 [4]四川广汉精力仓储设备制造有限公司,德阳618300

出　　处：《中国粮油学报》2020年第7期109-116,共8页Journal of the Chinese Cereals and Oils Association

基　　金：“十三五”国家重点研发计划(2017YFDD01402-02)。

摘　　要：以旋转通风仓干燥、自然干燥和机械干燥3种方式对新收获稻谷进行降水处理.对干燥后稻谷脂肪酸值、发芽率、爆腰率、出糙率、整精米率及食味值的变化规律进行研究.结果表明:烘干稻谷脂肪酸值为19.9 mg/100 g,低于旋转仓干燥稻谷的25.3 mg/100 g和晾干稻谷的25.1 mg/100 g;高温影响稻谷种子活力,烘干稻谷发芽率为58.0%,远低于旋转仓干燥稻谷的86.5%和晾干稻谷的87.5%;另外,烘干稻谷加工成大米的爆腰率、出糙率、整精米率和食味值分别是5.33%、79.23%、57.9%、83.7,对比旋转仓稻谷的1.33%、80.27%、61.10%、87.0和晾干稻谷的2.33%、76.83%、58.9%、89.3,其加工品质和食味品质更差.利用变异系数法对3种干燥稻谷综合评分,结果表明,旋转通风仓干燥稻谷品质最优,自然干燥次之,机械干燥稻谷品质最差.实验表明,旋转通风仓干燥能很好地保护稻谷品质,适合在中国农村地区推广应用.In this experiment,new harvested rice was processed in three ways:rotary ventilation cylinder drying,natural drying and mechanical drying.The changes of fat acidity of rice,germination rate,crackle ratio of rice,brown rice rate,head rice rate and taste value of dried rice were studied.The results indicated that fat acidity of mechanical drying rice was 19.9 mg/100 g,lower than 25.3 mg/100 g of rice dried by rotary ventilation cylinder and 25.1 mg/100 g of natural drying rice.High temperature affected the germination ability of rice seeds,and the germination rate of dried rice was 58.0%,much lower than 86.5%of dried rice in rotary ventilation cylinder and 87.5%of natural drying rice.The crackle ratio,brown rice rate,head rice rate and taste value of mechanical drying rice were 5.33%,79.23%,57.9%and 83.7,respectively.Compared with 1.33%,80.27%,61.10%,87.0 of rotary ventilation cylinder rice and 2.33%,76.83%,58.9%and 89.3 of natural drying rice,the processing quality and taste quality of mechanical drying rice were worse.The comprehensive evaluation of three kinds of dried rice by coefficient of variation method indicated that the quality of rice dried by rotary ventilation cylinder was the best,followed by natural drying rice,and mechanical drying rice was the worst.The results indicated that the rotary ventilation cylinder can protect the quality of rice very well and is suitable for popularization and application in rural areas of China.

关 键 词：稻谷品质 旋转通风仓 自然干燥 机械干燥 变异系数法 

分 类 号：S226.6[农业科学—农业机械化工程]