中国上海教师的工作压力水平及其对工作满意度的影响——基于TALIS 2018数据的实证分析  

Shanghai Teachers’ Work Stress Level, Sources and Impacts: An Empirical Analysis of TALIS 2018 Data

作　　者：朱雁[1] ZHU Yan(School of Teacher Education,East China Normal University,Shanghai,200062,China)

机构地区：[1]华东师范大学教师教育学院,上海200062

出　　处：《全球教育展望》2020年第8期117-128,共12页Global Education

基　　金：上海市核心数字与实践重点实验室(项目编号:18dz2271000);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助。

摘　　要：教师工作压力是导致教师流失、职业倦怠及职业吸引力降低的重要原因之一。本研究利用OECD教师教学国际调查(TALIS 2018)国际数据库,对标国际均值,对上海教师工作压力水平、压力来源及其综合影响进行实证研究。研究发现,从整体看,处于较高压力水平的上海初中教师的比例显著低于OECD均值且在参加本轮调查的48个国家和地区中处于中下游的位置;上海教师最主要的工作压力源于学生的学习成绩以及与之相关的教学工作,包括批改作业和备课等;工作压力对上海教师的身体和心理产生的负面影响相对不大,但教师工作对教师个人生活时间的挤占较为严重。在策略上,赋予教师学校事务决策权以及营造安全有序的学校环境有助于缓解上海教师工作压力。然而,从根本上看,改变以学生成绩为导向的教师评价才是真正为教师减负的关键。Teacher work stress is one of the important reasons for teacher attribution, burnout, and low professional attractiveness. The 2019 National Education Work Conference has clearly stated that it is necessary to effectively reduce school teachers’ stress to improve the quality of education. Based on the TALIS 2018 data, this study analyzed Shanghai teachers’ stress level, stress sources, and their influences empirically with international averages as a benchmark. The study finds that the proportion of Shanghai junior high teachers at a high level of work stress is significantly lower than the OECD average, positioning at the mid-low level among the participating 48 economies. The primary source of Shanghai teachers’ work stress is students’ academic performance and its related teaching work, including marking and preparations. The negative impact of work stress on Shanghai teachers’ physical and mental health is relatively low, while more severe on occupying teachers’ personal life. In terms of strategies, engaging teachers in school decision making and creating a safe and orderly school environment can help alleviate Shanghai teachers’ work stress. Meanwhile, from a fundamental point of view, it is the key to reduce the burden on teachers that changing the academic-performance-oriented mode of teacher evaluation.

关 键 词：教师工作压力 工作满意度 TALIS 2018 

分 类 号：G451[文化科学—教育学]