北京鲜食甜玉米营养成分分析与评价  

Analysis and Evaluation on Nutritional Components of Fresh Sweet Corn in Beijing City

作　　者：江均平[1] 孙艳丽[1] 裴志超[2] 王艳[1] 张丽静[1] 周继华[2] 孟范玉[2] 佟国湘 王占森 张旭 王凤忠[1] JIANG Jun-ping;SUN Yan-li;PEI Zhi-chao;WANG Yan;ZHANG Li-jing;ZHOU Ji-hua;MENG Fan-yu;TONG Guo-xiang;WANG Zhan-sen;ZHANG Xu;WANG Feng-zhong(Institute of Food Science and Technology,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Beijing 100193,China;Beijing Agricultural Technology Extension Station,Beijing 100029,China;Beijing Fangshan Experimental Base,Beijing 102402,China;Shangzhuang Experimental Station,China Agricultural University,Beijing 100193,China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院农产品加工研究所,北京100193 [2]北京市农业技术推广站,北京100029 [3]北京市房山实验基地,北京102402 [4]中国农业大学上庄实验站,北京100193

出　　处：《中国食物与营养》2020年第8期55-59,共5页Food and Nutrition in China

基　　金：北京市粮经作物产业创新团队(项目编号:BAIC09-2018);中国农业科学院农产品加工研究所科研业务费(项目编号:S2017JC02)。

摘　　要：对北京产的4种甜玉米BMB 380、昊白甜452、京白甜456、京双甜461的蛋白质、氨基酸、脂肪酸、维生素C、叶酸、矿物元素及重金属含量进行分析,并对其营养价值进行评价。4种甜玉米每100g干物质含蛋白质12.08%、脂肪酸6.40%、可溶性糖68.4%、维生素C 73.2mg、叶酸385.1μg、钙39.9 mg、硒112.5μg,显著高于普通玉米、大米、面粉;含有人体必需的8种氨基酸以及婴儿必需的组氨酸和精氨酸,AAS值非常接近婴儿标准模式,与成人模式比大于1;不饱和脂肪酸占77.1%,ω-3脂肪酸占1.67%,比例合理,属于优质脂肪酸;每天吃200~400g鲜玉米粒可以满足成人对叶酸的需要,有助预防胎儿神经管缺陷。这4种甜玉米每百克铅、砷最高含量分别为3.10、1.45μg,远低于国家限量。鲜食甜玉米中色氨酸含量低,与一些色氨酸含量高的食物搭配食用更益于健康。The contents of protein,amino acid,fatty acid,vitamin C,folic acid,mineral elements and heavy metals in four sweet corn varieties including BMB380,Haobaitian 452,Jingbaitian 456 and Jingshuangtian 461 produced in Beijing city were analyzed and their nutritional value was evaluated.The four sweet maize varieties contained 12.08%protein,6.40%fatty acid,68.4%soluble sugar,73.2 mg vitamin C,385.1μg folic acid,39.9 mg calcium and 112.5μg selenium per 100 g of dry matter,which were significantly higher than those of common maize,rice and flour.They contained eight essential amino acids for human body as well as histidine and arginine for infants,and their AAS values were very close to infant standards.The proportion of unsaturated fatty acid and omega-3 fatty acid was 77.1%and 1.67%respectively,which belonged to high quality fatty acid.Eating 200~400 g fresh corn kernels every day could meet the needs of adults for folic acid and help prevent fetal neural tube defects.The highest content of lead and arsenic in the four sweet corn varieties produced in Beijing city was 3.10μg and 1.45μg per 100 g,which were far below the national limit and safe to eat.Fresh sweet corn has low tryptophan content,and it is healthier to eat with some foods with high tryptophan content.

关 键 词：甜玉米 营养成分 氨基酸 脂肪酸 叶酸 

分 类 号：R151[医药卫生—营养与食品卫生学]