储运粮食霉变状况的现场检测技术  

On-site rapid detection technology for the mildew status of grain in storage and transportation

作　　者：朱冰洁 翟焕趁[1] 张帅兵[1] 吕扬勇[1] 李娜 胡元森[1] 蔡静平[1] ZHU Bingjie;ZHAI Huanchen;ZHANG Shuaibing;LYU Yangyong;LI Na;HU Yuansen;CAI Jingping(College of Biological Engineering,Henan University of Technology,Zhengzhou 450001,China)

机构地区：[1]河南工业大学生物工程学院,河南郑州450001

出　　处：《河南工业大学学报（自然科学版）》2020年第2期107-113,共7页Journal of Henan University of Technology：Natural Science Edition

基　　金：国家重点研发计划“粮食产后全程不落地收储质量安全检测技术装备研发与示范”(2017YFD0401404);国家重点研发计划“食品原料储藏霉菌及毒素阻控技术研究”(2017YFC1600903);国家自然科学基金项目“小麦胚部病程相关蛋白抑制储藏真菌生长及产毒的机理研究”(31772023);河南省自然科学基金项目“小G蛋白Rab7及其效应因子在调控禾谷镰刀菌DON毒素生物合成中的分子机制”(182300410059)。

摘　　要：以过氧化氢酶活性为指标,研究适用现场快速检测粮食霉变状况的方法,结果表明:用高速搅拌法制备检测菌悬液的检测值变异系数最小,耗时是振荡洗涤法等常规方法的1/20~1/10;检测液制备条件对检测结果有显著影响,选用粮食样品加水后不浸泡、转速2300 r/min、搅拌时间40 s制备检测液,可减少粮食表皮破损率,获得稳定的检测结果。将建立的方法用于不同种类粮食及多个品种的霉变状况检测,结果表明,酶活性快速检测值与常规的带菌量检测结果相关性系数达到或超过0.99。当小麦霉变粒为2%时,酶活性检测与带菌量检测的结果分别为527 U/100 g和1.6×10^5cfu/g;酶活性检测、霉菌带菌量检测对不同比例霉变粒小麦检测值的相关性系数分别为0.99与0.97。因此,新建立的酶活性快速检测方法可较好地反映粮食的霉变状况,满足现场粮食快速检测的需求。Taking catalase activity as an indicator,we studied on the method suitable for on-site rapid detection of grain mildew.The results showed that the coefficient of variation of the detected value of a detection fungal suspension prepared by high-speed stirring method was the smallest,and the detection time was1/20 to 1/10 that of the conventional methods such as oscillatory washing method.The detection solution preparation conditions had significant effects on the results.The grain epidermis damage rate could be reduced by preparing the detection solution under the conditions of adding water to the grain samples without soaking,stirring for 40 s while rotating at 2300 r/min,thereby obtaining stable detection results.The established method was applied for mildewdetection of different grain species and varieties,and the results showed that the correlation coefficient between rapid detection value of enzyme activity and the conventional detection results of fungal carrying capacity reached 0.99 or more.The results of enzyme activity and fungal carrying capacity were 527 U/100 g and 1.6×10^5 cfu/g,respectively when the content of mildewed grain was 2%.The correlation coefficients of enzyme activity and fungal carrying capacity for different proportion of mildewed grain were 0.99 and 0.97,respectively.Therefore,the established rapid detection method of enzyme activity can better reflect the mildewstatus of grain and meet the needs of on-site grain rapid detection.

关 键 词：粮食 霉变 带菌量 现场检测 快速检测 

分 类 号：TS201.3[轻工技术与工程—食品科学]