护士情绪劳动在职场排斥与情绪衰竭的中介效应  

Emotional labor as a mediator between workplace ostracism and emotional exhaustion in nursing professionals

作　　者：苟莉 马绍壮[3] 王国锋 曾卫龙[5] 温贤秀[2] 张玉侠[6] Gou Li;Ma Shaozhuang;Wang Guofeng;Zeng Weilong;Wen Xianxiu;Zhang Yuxia(School of Nursing,Fudan University,Shanghai,200032,China;Department of Nursing,Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital,Chengdu,610072,China;ISCTE Business School,BRU-IUL,University Institute of Lisbon,Lisbon,1649-026 Portugal;School of Management and Economics,University of Electronic Science and Technology of China,Chengdu,611731;Human Resources Department,The Fourth Affiliated Hospital,Guangxi Medical University,Liuzhou,545005,China;Department of Nursing,Zhongshan Hospital Fudan University,Shanghai,200032)

机构地区：[1]复旦大学护理学院,上海200032 [2]四川省人民医院护理部,四川成都610072 [3]SCTE Business School,BRU-IUL,University Institute of Lisbon,Lisbon,Portugal,1649-026 [4]电子科技大学经济与管理学院,四川成都611731 [5]广西医科大学第四附属医院人力资源部,广西柳州545005 [6]复旦大学附属中山医院护理部,上海200032

出　　处：《现代临床护理》2020年第6期1-6,共6页Modern Clinical Nursing

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学研究规划基金,项目编号为20YJA630061;四川省干部保健科研课题项目,项目编号为川干研2018-219;复旦大学双一流项目,项目编号为2018-40-22。

摘　　要：目的探讨护士情绪劳动在职场排斥与情绪衰竭的中介效应,为制订有针对性的干预措施提供理论依据。方法采用一般资料调查表、情绪劳动量表、职场排斥量表、职业倦怠量表,运用时滞调查法,进行两次数据收集,获得成都市某三甲医院370名护士的有效问卷。采用结构方程模型对护士情绪劳动在职场排斥与情绪衰竭的中介效应进行分析检验。结果护士职场排斥得分1.30(1.00,1.73)分,情绪劳动中浅层扮演得分1.50(1.00,2.25)分、深层扮演得分3.00(1.33,4.00)分,情绪衰竭得分3.53(2.60,4.20)分。职场排斥与情绪劳动中的浅层扮演、深层扮演及情绪衰竭均呈正相关关系(P<0.01);浅层扮演与情绪衰竭呈正相关关系(P<0.01),但深层扮演与情绪衰竭之间相关性不显著(P>0.05)。情绪劳动在护士职场排斥与情绪衰竭间的结构方程模型拟合度好,模型较为合理。情绪劳动浅层扮演在职场排斥与情绪衰竭间起完全中介作用。结论护士情绪劳动以及感知到的职场排斥处于中下水平,情绪衰竭处于中上水平;护士遭受的职场排斥通过情绪劳动中浅层扮演导致护士产生情绪衰竭。医院管理部门应重视及预防职场排斥现象,给予护士提供更多的组织支持和领导关怀,特别是提高护士情绪管理技能及鼓励护士使用深层扮演来减少职场排斥带来的情绪衰竭。Objective To explore the mediation role of emotional labor in the relationship between workplace ostracism and emotional exhaustion,aiming to provide practical implications to manage workplace ostracism.Methods Using time-lagged survey,a total of 370 valid responses were collected at two time points from the nurses in a general hospital in Chengdu,including the data of demographics,workplace ostracism,emotional labor and emotional exhaustion.Structural equation model(SEM)was employed to test the relationships.Results The means of key variables were:workplace ostracism 1.30(1.00,1.73),surface acting 1.50(1.00,2.25),deep acting 3.00(1.33,4.00),and emotional exhaustion 3.53(2.60,4.20).There was a significant positive relationship between workplace ostracism and surface acting(P<0.01),just as well as the relationship with deep acting and emotional exhaustion(P<0.01).Surface acting led to emotional exhaustion of nurses(P<0.01)and mediated the positive relationship between workplace ostracism and emotional exhaustion.Deep acting was not significantly related to emotional exhaustion(P>0.05).SEM analysis demonstrated an acceptable and reasonable model fit.Conclusions The surveyed nurses reported a medium and low level of perceived workplace ostracism and emotional labor,but a high level of emotional exhaustion.Workplace ostracism has a positive effect on nurses'emotional exhaustion via surface acting.Hospital administration should take measure to prevent and intervene in workplace ostracism,provide organizational and supervisory supports to nurses,and particularly enhance nurse's emotional management skills and encourage use of deep acting strategy to minimize the detrimental effects of workplace ostracism.

关 键 词：职场排斥 情绪劳动 情绪衰竭 护士 

分 类 号：R47[医药卫生—护理学]