中医病因病机理论的追问——以《伤寒论》太阳中风证及桂枝汤为案例  

Questioning etiology and pathogenesis theory of traditional Chinese medicine:taking taiyang wind-stroke pattern and Guizhi Decoction in Shanghan Lun as an example

作　　者：贾春华 Jia Chunhua(School of Chinese Medicine,Beijing University of Chinese Medicine,Beijing 100029,China)

机构地区：[1]北京中医药大学中医学院,北京100029

出　　处：《北京中医药大学学报》2020年第7期553-556,共4页Journal of Beijing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(No.8187150703)。

摘　　要：一个凭借肉身感知的时代,欲知机体内部的变化只能是“司外揣内”“由果析因”,并通过隐喻认知的方法表达出来。中医学病因病机学说就是这种认知方法下的产物。本文以中医病因病机为主线,以《伤寒论》太阳中风证及桂枝汤为案例,追溯那些来自临床且不能为人体肉身所感知理论的起源。应用隐喻认知的方式分析回答太阳中风证及桂枝汤方的诸多问题,如风寒是如何被说出?说出时所用语言与日常语言有何差异?桂枝汤如何具有了解肌调营卫的功效?病因病机理论为什么有效?病因病机孕育的新发现;后以条件命题真伪的逻辑判定、中西医所言病因的可核实性为题,揭示命题的逻辑判定与事实检验的不同。Back in the era relying on physical perception only,the internal changes of the body can only be perceived by inference through external observation and analysis of the cause through the effects,and expressed with metaphorical cognition.The etiology and pathogenesis theory of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)is the product of such cognitive approach.This paper explored the origins of the theory that came from clinical practices and that cannot be perceived physically,with etiology and pathogenesis of TCM as the main line,and taiyang wind-stroke pattern and Guizhi Decoction(Cinnamon Twig Decoction,GZT)in Shanghan Lun(On Cold Damage)as an example.Metaphorical cognition is used to analyze taiyang wind-stroke pattern and GZT,including how cold damage was stated and what was the difference between the language used for the statement and the daily language used at that time;Why GZT has the effect of releasing the muscle and regulating the nutritive and defensive level;Why the etiology and pathogenesis theory works well,and what are the new findings from the etiology and pathogenesis theory.At last,it reveals the differences between the logical determination of propositions and the fact test,with the logical determination of the truth and falsity of conditional propositions and the verifiability of the etiology in TCM.

关 键 词：中医学 病因病机 隐喻认知 伤寒论 太阳中风证 桂枝汤 

分 类 号：R228[医药卫生—中医基础理论]