我国学历教育分化的证书制度溯源  

Institutional Origins of the Stratification of Certified Education in China

作　　者：许竞[1,2] XU Jing(Research Professor at Central Institute for Vocational,Beijing 100029;Technical Education,Ministry of Education,P.R.China)

机构地区：[1]教育部职业技术教育中心研究所,北京100029 [2]江苏开放大学教育科学研究院

出　　处：《南京师大学报（社会科学版）》2020年第6期22-29,共8页Journal of Nanjing Normal University(Social Science Edition)

基　　金：国家社会科学基金“十三五”规划教育学重点课题“改革开放40年教育改革发展的回顾与反思”(AOA180006);教育部职业技术教育中心研究所公益基金课题“我国现代学徒制试点项目运行状况实证研究”(ZG201705)的研究成果。

摘　　要：在市场经济条件下,学历教育证书在教育和就业市场上皆发挥重要的交易功能。学历资格证书体系内部等级分化,为全日制普通高等学历教育稀缺性提供了制度屏障,成人高等学历教育的功能异化为其推波助澜。全日制普通学历证书的正统优势地位,使“一次性不间断”教育成为人们竞逐教育机会的潜规则。学制较短的职业院校毕业生更早走出校门,也因此成为高等学历继续教育的潜在对象。要改变职业教育地位,须从资格证书制度上重构职业教育与专业教育和普通教育的关系,使网络教育等其他“非全日制”教育形态成为拓展优质高等教育资源的正规化路径,为职业教育受众创造灵便的高质量学历继续教育机会,从而避免应届生在初始教育阶段选择职业教育路径时产生后顾之忧,尤其是对于有可能丧失后续自由选择机会的恐惧和排斥心理。In market-based economic conditions,academic education certificates have important transactional functions in both education and job markets.Differentiated layers of academic qualifications help to institutionally maintain the scarcity of academic qualifications-oriented full-time higher education,which is strengthened by the functional alienation of adult(part-time)higher education.As an orthodox form of education,the advantaged position of full-time higher education makes a‘non-stop trip’education become a golden rule in the educational market.Graduates from vocational schools and colleges are increasingly becoming the main consumers in the market of continuing education at higher education levels,as they leave earlier from the schooling system than their counterparts on the academic/general education track.In order to improve the social status of vocational education,it is important to re-structure the relations between vocational education,specialized education and academic/general education in terms of their resultant qualifications.It is imperative to make network-based education and other forms of part-time education become accessible high-quality alternatives to full-time quality-ensured and high value-added higher education.This can help those initial vocational learners to relieve their potential worries of being deprived of chances for choosing to further their education.

关 键 词：学历证书 职业资格证书 专业教育 职业教育 

分 类 号：G724[文化科学—成人教育学]