神经生物学考试情境化命题技巧及其效果评价  

Writing skills for the scenario-based questions and evaluation of the application effect of scenariobased questions in the examination of neurobiology

作　　者：张瑛[1] 孔金阁 王韵[1] Zhang Ying;Kong Jinge;Wang Yun(Neuroscience Research Institute,Peking University&Department of Neurobiology,the School of Basic Medical Sciences,Peking University Health Science Center&Key Laboratory for Neuroscience of the Ministry of Education and National Health Commission,Beijing 100191,China)

机构地区：[1]北京大学神经科学研究所,北京大学基础医学院神经生物学系,教育部和国家卫生健康委员会神经科学重点实验室,100191

出　　处：《中华医学教育杂志》2020年第10期832-836,共5页Chinese Journal of Medical Education

基　　金：2017年北京大学医学部教育教学研究课题(68201Y1547)。

摘　　要：试题的情境化是指将试题与真实的问题情境相融合,寓知识的考查于实际的问题解决之中。从2012年开始,北京大学基础医学院神经生物学系开始在本科生神经生物学期末考试中引入情境化试题。本文对情境型试题的问题情境设置技巧进行了回顾性总结,并以2016年1月本科生神经生物学期末试卷为例,对情境型试题与试卷质量的相关性进行了分析。研究结果表明,情境型单选题比非情境型单选题难度系数降低,即难度增加,区分度升高;情境型单选题部分的得分与其试卷总分呈正相关。因此,情境化命题有助于提高试卷区分度,并能够更好地反映学生对知识的掌握程度及其实际应用能力。The contextualization of exam questions refers to setting questions in the real situations,making the assessment of knowledge in the process of problem solving.Since 2012,scenario-based questions have been introduced into the final examinations of neurobiology of undergraduates in the department of Neurobiology in the school of Basic Medical Sciences of Peking University.Here,we summarized the skills used in writing the scenario-based questions in the final examination papers of neurobiology.Taking the final examination paper in 2016 as an example,we analyzed the correlation between the scenario-based questions and the quality of the examination paper.The results showed that the difficulty coefficient of scenario-based single-choice questions is decreased as compared to that of non-scenario based single-choice questions,while the discrimination coefficient is enhanced.In addition,there is a positive correlation between the score of scenario-based questions and the final score of the examination paper.Therefore,introducing scenario-based questions can increase the discrimination coefficient of the examination paper and helps to evaluate students'capacity of learning and doing.

关 键 词：情境化命题 神经生物学 试卷质量 难度 区分度 

分 类 号：G642.0[文化科学—高等教育学] R338[文化科学—教育学]