我国三甲医院临床护理教师队伍现状及培训需求调查  

Status quo and training needs of clinical nursing teachers in ClassⅢGrade A hospitals in China

作　　者：徐迎莹 周体[2] 曾登芬 何红艳[3] 马燕兰[4] Xu Yingying;Zhou Ti;Zeng Dengfen;He Hongyan;Ma Yanlan(No.2 Ward Department of Orthopedics,the Fourth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital,Beijing 100048,China;Department of Nursing,the Fourth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital,Beijing 100048,China;No.4 Ward Department of Orthopedics,the Fourth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital,Beijing 100048,China;Department of Nursing,Chinese PLA General Hospital,Beijing 100853,China)

机构地区：[1]解放军总医院第四医学中心骨二科,北京100048 [2]解放军总医院第四医学中心护理部,北京100048 [3]解放军总医院第四医学中心骨四科,北京100048 [4]解放军总医院护理部,北京100853

出　　处：《中华现代护理杂志》2020年第35期4882-4888,共7页Chinese Journal of Modern Nursing

基　　金：中国医药教育协会护理专项科研项目(药教协(项)字〔2017〕第001号)。

摘　　要：目的了解我国三甲医院临床护理教师队伍现状及培训需求,为进一步加强临床护理教师队伍建设提供参考依据。方法采取目标抽样法,按照1︰10配比,于2017年10月—2019年2月采用自行设计的《我国三甲医院临床护理教师基本情况调查问卷》对我国30个省、自治区、直辖市共141所三甲医院的临床护理教师进行横断面调查。共回收调查问卷11594份,有效问卷10266份,有效率为88.55%。结果10266名临床护理教师中,护师占49.64%(5096/10266),30~39岁者占51.27%(5263/10266),第一学历为本科以下者占78.42%(8051/10266),带教年限<5年者占41.33%(4243/10266);41.84%(4295/10266)的临床护理教师是由管理者挑选指定,38.78%(3981/10266)的临床护理教师经常或总感到带教压力,56.31%(5781/10266)的临床护理教师认为能胜任临床带教工作;50.54%(5188/10266)的临床护理教师偶尔参加教学培训,对培训需求强。需求较强的前3位分别是带教方法与技巧、专科前沿知识、护理科研;不同带教年限、学历和职称的临床教师在教育学基础理论、带教方法与技巧、护理管理、护理科研、专科前沿知识的培训需求比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论我国三甲医院临床护理教师队伍以护师为主,整体初始学历偏低,教学管理中存在临床护理教师选拔不规范,教师参加教学培训少等问题,建议相关部门建立以岗位胜任力为核心、以需求为导向的临床护理教师选拔及培训管理体系,促进师资队伍建设。Objective To explore the current status and training needs of clinical nursing teachers in ClassⅢGrade A hospitals in China,and provide a reference for further construction of clinical nursing teachers.Methods From October 2017 to February 2019,by purposive sampling with a ratio of 1︰10,the clinical nursing teachers from 141 ClassⅢGrade A hospitals in 30 provinces,autonomous regions and municipalities in China received a cross-sectional study with the Basic Information Questionnaire of Clinical Nursing Teachers in China's ClassⅢGrade A hospitals.A total of 11594 questionnaires were collected,and 10266 were valid questionnaires,with an effective rate of 88.55%.Results Among the 10266 clinical nursing teachers,49.64%(5096/10266)were senior nurses;51.27%(5263/10266)were between 30 and 39 years old;78.42%(8051/10266)were those with a bachelor degree or below;41.33%(4243/10266)had taught for less than 5 years;41.84%(4295/10266)were selected and designated by managers;38.78%(3981/10266)often or always felt the pressure of teaching;56.31%(5781/10266)thought that they were competent for clinical teaching;50.54%(5188/10266)occasionally participated in teaching training,and had a strong demand for training.The top three demands were teaching methods and skills,frontier knowledge of specialties,and nursing research.Clinical teachers with different teaching years,academic qualifications and professional titles are in basic theories of education,teaching methods and skills,nursing management,and nursing research.There was statistically significant difference in the training needs for the frontier knowledge of specialist subjects between clinical nursing teachers with different teaching years,educational background and job titles(P<0.05).Conclusions The clinical nursing teachers in China's ClassⅢGrade A hospitals are mainly senior nurses,and the overall initial academic qualifications are low.There are problems in the selection of clinical nursing teachers in teaching management,and the lack of teachers'participation

关 键 词：护理教育 临床护理教师 临床教学 师资培训 培训需求 横断面调查 

分 类 号：C975[经济管理—劳动经济] R47-4[医药卫生—护理学]