家族企业DNA模型——基于扎根理论的五个百年家族企业分析  

A Study on the DNA Model of Family Business:Five Century-old Family Businesses Analysis Based on Grounded Theory

作　　者：王奇 吴秋明 WANG Qi;WU Qiu-ming(Business School,Minnan Normal University,Zhangzhou 363000,China;School of Economics and Management,Fuzhou University,Fuzhou 350100,China)

机构地区：[1]闽南师范大学商学院,福建漳州363000 [2]福州大学经济与管理学院,福州350100

出　　处：《管理案例研究与评论》2020年第6期631-645,共15页Journal of Management Case Studies

基　　金：国家社科基金项目“中美企业家(创业型人才)与科学家(创新型人才)个人特质对照研究”(15BSH088);福建省中国特色社会主义理论体系研究中心项目“‘晋江经验’传承与民营经济数字化转型研究”(FJ2020ZTD19);闽南师范大学校长基金项目“传承视角下家族企业创新效率及影响因素研究”(SK19018)。

摘　　要：家族企业基因代际传承与创新是家族企业得以延续的根本原因。家族企业基因由决定家族企业成长的核心因素构成。通过五个著名百年家族企业历代企业家行为的扎根理论分析,获得决定家族企业成长的十个核心要素:家族控制、家族同心、家族使命、能者接班、企业家精神、人力资本、社会资本、权力安排、危机处理和竞争战略。以家族使命感和企业家精神作为家族企业DNA模型的双螺旋,连接家族控制-竞争战略、家族同心-社会资本、能者接班-危机处理、权力安排-人力资本等四个碱基对。家族企业应该以家族企业基因作为分析单位,对基因进行检测、培育、优化、复制或重组,在传承中完成创新,实现跨代成长。The continuous succession and innovation of family business genes between generations is the fundamental reason for the continuity of family businesses.Family business genes are composed of the core factors that determine the growth of a family business.By analyzing the entrepreneurs’behaviors of five century-old family enterprises based on grounded theory,this paper obtained ten core factors determining the growth of family businesses,that is,family control,family unity,family mission,merit-based succession,entrepreneurship,human capital,social capital,power arrangement,crisis management and competitive strategy.Then family mission and entrepreneurship are regarded as the double helix of the DNA model of family business genes,which connect the four basic pairs of family control-competitive strategies,namely,family unity-social capital,merit-based succession-crisis management,and power arrangement-human capital.Family businesses should detect,cultivate,optimize,copy or recombine their genes so as to complete innovation in succession and realize cross-generational growth.

关 键 词：家族企业 基因 代际传承 

分 类 号：F272[经济管理—企业管理]