大学生批判性思维与学习方式的发展现状及关系探究  

Research on the Development Situation and Relationship Between College Students’Critical Thinking and Learning Methods

作　　者：沈霞娟 胡航 张宝辉[3] 卜彩丽[4] 付丽娟 SHEN Xia-juan;HU Hang;ZHANG Bao-hui;BU Cai-li;FU Li-juan(Teaching and Research Support Center,Air Force Medical University,Xi’an,Shaanxi,China 710032;College of Teacher Education,Southwest University,Chongqing,China 400715;School of Education,Shaanxi Normal University,Xi’an,Shaanxi,China 710062;School of Education,Henan Normal University,Xinxiang,Henan,China 453002)

机构地区：[1]空军军医大学教研保障中心,陕西西安710032 [2]西南大学教师教育学院,重庆400715 [3]陕西师范大学教育学院,陕西西安710062 [4]河南师范大学教育学部,河南新乡453002

出　　处：《现代教育技术》2021年第2期48-57,共10页Modern Educational Technology

基　　金：河南省哲学社会科学规划项目‚翻转课堂对本科生深度学习影响的设计研究‛(项目编号:2017BJY014);全国教育科学‚十三五‛规划2019年度西部项目‚深度学习发生机制、应用与评估研究‛(项目编号:XJA190286)的阶段性研究成果。

摘　　要：批判性思维是创新人才的思维根基,是知识经济时代对大学生思维品质的迫切要求。学习方式是学习动机和学习策略的综合体,对学习结果和思维发展具有重要影响。为了厘清大学生批判性思维与学习方式的发展现状及相互关系,文章对来自20所高校的1833名本科生展开调查,结果表明我国大学生批判性思维尚未达到正性要求,强项与弱点并存;批判性思维与深度学习方式呈正相关,与浅层学习方式呈负相关。文章进一步从环境构建、活动设计和补齐短板三个视角提出了促进大学生批判性思维发展的具体建议,为科学制定批判性思维的培养方案提供参考。Critical thinking is the thinking foundation of innovative talents and an urgent requirement for college students‟thinking quality in the knowledge economy era.Learning methods are the synthesis of learning motivation and learning strategy,and had an important influence on learning results and thinking development.In order to clarify the development situation and relationship between college students‟critical thinking and learning methods,a survey of 1833 undergraduates from 20 universities were conducted.Results showed that the critical thinking of college students in our country has not yet reached the positive requirements,and its strengths and weaknesses coexisted.Critical thinking was positively related to deep learning methods,and negatively correlated with shallow learning methods.In addition,some specific suggestions were proposed to promote college students‟critical thinking from three perspectives of environment construction,activity design and weakness elimination,so as to provide reference for the scientific formulation of critical thinking training program.

关 键 词：大学生 批判性思维 深度学习方式 浅层学习方式 关系 

分 类 号：G40-057[文化科学—教育学原理]