冯友兰早晚期哲学史观的特质及其内在转变  

Attributes of Feng Youlan’s View on History of Philosophy in the Early and Late Periods and Its Internal Transformation

作　　者：单虹泽 SHAN Hongze(College of Philosophy,Nankai University,Tianjin,China 300350)

机构地区：[1]南开大学哲学院,天津300350

出　　处：《温州大学学报（社会科学版）》2021年第1期47-55,共9页Journal of Wenzhou University：Social Science Edition

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重点项目(17AZX008);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金项目(NKZXA1413)。

摘　　要：冯友兰的三部哲学史著作展现了他作为哲学史家的学养与识见,反映了其哲学史观的内在转变。在不同的时代语境下,冯友兰的哲学史观呈现出不同的特点。冯友兰早期的哲学史观凸显了“以西释中”的范式,他将西方哲学作为理解与诠释中国古代学术的前结构,并提出“正负方法的综合运用”“从史料出发的方法”“人生境界论”等独到见解。20世纪50年代之后,冯友兰立志掌握和运用马克思主义的立场、观点与方法,并在此基础上重写中国哲学史。他的晚期哲学史观体现在“充分运用矛盾辩证法”“注重反思”“提出‘具体共相’”“调和阶级斗争与民族斗争”等方面。总的来看,冯友兰根据时代精神,通过哲学史观与研究范式的自觉转变,使中国哲学史学科成为现代学术的一个独立的门类和领域,而中国哲学的文化主体性也于此过程中逐渐挺立。In Feng Youlan’s life,he wrote three works on the history of philosophy,which showed his knowledge and insight as philosophers and also reflected the internal transformation of his view on history of philosophy.In different times,Feng’s view displayed different characteristics.His early view about history of philosophy highlighted the paradigm transformation of“explaining Chinese culture with western philosophy”.He regarded western philosophy as a pre-structure for understanding and interpreting Chinese ancient scholarship,and put forward unique ideas such as“comprehensive application of positive and negative methods”,“method based on historical data”and“theory of life realm”.After the 1950s,Feng was determined to grasp and use the Marxist standpoint,viewpoint and method,and rewrite the history of Chinese philosophy on this basis.His view on the history of philosophy in the late period was reflected in“making full use of contradictory dialectics”,“paying attention to reflection”,“putting forward the conception of‘concrete common phase’”and“reconciling class struggle with national struggle”.In a word,according to the spirit of the times,Feng made the history of Chinese philosophy an independent category and field of modern science through the conscious change of view on history of philosophy and research paradigm,in the process of which the cultural subjectivity of Chinese philosophy gradually stood up.

关 键 词：冯友兰 中国哲学 哲学史观 范式 

分 类 号：B261[哲学宗教—中国哲学]