组织行为学中的时间相关研究与未来方向  

Time related research and future direction in organizational behavior field

作　　者：董小炜 秦昕 陈晨[1] 黄鸣鹏[2] 邓惠如 周汉森 宋博迪 DONG Xiaowei;QIN Xin;CHEN Chen;HUANG Mingpeng;DENG Huiru;ZHOU Hansen;SONG Bodi(School of Business,Sun Yat-sen University,Guangzhou 510275,China;Business School,University of International Business and Economics,Beijing 100029,China)

机构地区：[1]中山大学管理学院,广州510275 [2]对外经济贸易大学国际商学院,北京100029

出　　处：《心理科学进展》2021年第4期747-760,共14页Advances in Psychological Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(71872190,71502179,71702202,72072032,71602032);广东省珠江学者(青年)岗位计划(2018);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(19wkpy17)资助。

摘　　要：绝大部分组织行为学研究都是从静态视角聚焦变量在一段时间内的整体平均水平,而忽视了时间的角色,如变量在一段时间内的动态变化特征。通过引入时间的角色,从动态视角关注变量的动态变化特征并探讨其影响因素和结果,可能为现有研究提供新的、突破性视角,进而帮助拓展传统管理理论。鉴于其对理论发展的重要性,近年来,部分新近研究开始逐步关注时间的角色,从动态视角探索变量的动态变化特征。然而,整体来看,这类研究仍相对较少,且分散在不同的研究领域,还未能形成结构化体系。基于此,在将相关研究按照两个维度——变量的动态变化特征的类别(趋势vs.波动)与变量的动态变化特征的角色(自变量vs.因变量)分为四大类别后,系统地回顾和梳理相关研究,并厘清研究背后的理论机制。最后,基于以上梳理分析,未来研究可从关注变量的波动;考察趋势、波动和整体平均水平等的交互作用等角度出发,更加全面、系统地扩展组织行为学理论。Most of the existing literature on organizational behavior has taken a static perspective and has focused on overall variable levels over a period of time,while the role of time,such as the dynamic characteristics of variables over a period of time,has been largely neglected.Taking the role of time into consideration,that is,focusing on the dynamic characteristics of variables and exploring their antecedents and outcomes from a dynamic perspective,is an important approach that provides a new perspective on existing research,which in turn expands traditional management theories.In line with this approach,in recent years,some scholars have begun to focus on the role of time and to explore the dynamic characteristics of variables.However,in general,this type of research is still quite rare and disorganized in different fields.Therefore,this review first divides the relevant research into four categories according to two dimensions:the first of the dimensions being the type of dynamic characteristics of variables(i.e.,trend vs.variability)and the second being the role of dynamic characteristics of variables in the theoretical model(i.e.,independent variable vs.dependent variable).Based on this categorization,this review systematically reviews the related studies and the theories applied in them.Finally,suggestions for future research are provided by taking the role of time into consideration(e.g.,paying more attention to the variability of variables).

关 键 词：时间 动态 组织行为学 趋势 波动 

分 类 号：B849[哲学宗教—应用心理学] C93[哲学宗教—心理学]