轮对-曲线轨道非线性接触系统垂向振动分析  

Vertical Vibration Analysis of Wheel-Curved Track Nonlinear Contact System

作　　者：许贵满[1] 韩海娅 吴亚平[2] 魏云鹏[2] Xu Guiman;Han Haiya;Wu Yaping;Wei Yunpeng(Department of Construction Engineering and Design,Qiannan Polytechnic for Nationalities,Duyun 558000,China;School of Civil Engineering,Lanzhou Jiaotong University,Lanzhou 730070,China)

机构地区：[1]黔南民族职业技术学院建筑工程与设计系,贵州都匀558000 [2]兰州交通大学土木工程学院,甘肃兰州730070

出　　处：《石家庄铁道大学学报（自然科学版）》2021年第1期29-36,共8页Journal of Shijiazhuang Tiedao University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51236003)。

摘　　要：轨道超高是高速列车曲线行驶的主要参数之一,直接影响到车辆的安全性和轨道的耐久性。为研究轮轨垂向振动状态下曲线轨道超高的影响规律,基于动力学理论建立轮轨三维实体非线性接触的有限元模型,采用瞬态动力学分析方法,在曲线轨道高低不平顺激励下研究曲线轨道超高对轮对-曲线轨道非线性接触系统的动力影响。研究结果:低速在较大超高的轨道上行驶会增大车体横向振动,不同超高的舒适速度为190 km/h;车体垂向振动随着速度的增大受超高的影响逐渐减小;倾覆系数随着速度的增大呈非线性增大,内外侧轮轨脱轨系数差异在低速较大超高轨道中最大,且随着超高的增大差异逐渐减小;速度超过160 km/h时,轨距动态扩大量会迅速增大,超高会增加轨距动态扩大量,建议采取拉杆等措施予以加固;钢轨、轨枕及道床垂向振动随着车速增大而增大,超高影响较小,可忽略;超高引起内外侧轮轨接触应力完全不一致,法向接触应力以内侧轮轨较大,切向接触应力以外侧轮轨较大;速度超过160 km/h时,轮轨接触斑动态总滑动量会迅速增大,轨道超高会引起内侧轮轨接触斑动态滑动量大于外侧,其差值随着超高的增大而增大。Superelevation is one of the main parameters of the high-speed train running on the curved track,which directly affects the safety of the vehicle and the durability of the track.In order to study the influences of superelevation on the wheel-rail contact system,a 3-D finite element model of wheel-rail contact was established based on the dynamic theory.The dynamic influences of superelevation on the wheel-curved track nonlinear contact system under the excitation of curved track irregularities were researched by the method of transient dynamics.The results indicate that when the train runs at low speed on curved track with large superelevation,the lateral vibration of train body becomes violently,and the most comfortable running speed is 190 km/h under different superelevation conditions.The influences of superelevation on the vertical vibration of train body descend gradually with the increasing of speeds.The overturn factors increase nonlinearly with the speeds,and the differences of the derailment coefficients of both inner and outer wheel-rail are the largest at low speed on large superelevation track,and these differences gradually decrease with the growth of superelevation.When the speed exceeds 160 km/h,the dynamic expansion of track gauge increases rapidly,and the superelevation also ascends the dynamic expansion of track gauge,therefore the rods is suggested to use for enhancing the track.The vertical vibrations of rails,sleepers and track beds increase with the vehicle speed,and the influences of superelevation on them are not obvious and can be ignored.At different superelevation,the contact stress between the inner and outer wheel-rails is completely inconsistent,and the normal contact stress of the inner wheel-rail is greater than that of the outer wheel-rail,and the difference of tangential contact stress is exactly the opposite.When the speed exceeds 160 km/h,the dynamic total slippage of the wheel-rail contact patch increases quickly,and the dynamic total slippage of inner contact patch is larger

关 键 词：轨道超高 轮对-轨道接触 接触应力 轮轨 非线性 

分 类 号：U211.5[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程]