固体发酵技术在油料饼粕合成高附加值微生物代谢产物中的研究进展  

Research progress of solid fermentation technology in biosynthesis of high value-added microbial metabolites by utilization of oil crop cake and meal

作　　者：王萌 柴保中 奚钊 万楚筠[1] 李念祖 陈文超[1,2] 万霞 黄凤洪[1,2] WANG Meng;CHAI Bao-zhong;XI Zhao;WAN Chu-yun;LI Nian-zu;CHEN Wen-chao;WAN Xia;HUANG Feng-hong(Oil Crops Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences,Wuhan 430062,China;Hubei Key Laboratory of Lipid Chemistry and Nutrition,Wuhan 430062,China;College of Life Science,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou 310000,China;Yichang Academy of Agricultural Science,Yichang 443004,China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院油料作物研究所,湖北武汉430062 [2]油料脂质化学与营养湖北省重点实验室,湖北武汉430062 [3]浙江大学生命科学学院,浙江杭州310000 [4]湖北省宜昌市农业科学研究院,湖北宜昌443004

出　　处：《中国油料作物学报》2021年第2期322-337,共16页Chinese Journal of Oil Crop Sciences

基　　金：湖北省自然科学基金(2019CFB378);湖北省青年英才项目;现代农业产业技术体系(CARS-12)。

摘　　要：随着加工技术的快速发展,油料饼粕简单直接的低值化应用已经无法满足产业的需求,如何将其合理转化为高附加值产品是当前社会亟需解决的问题。固体发酵技术由于具有高效、节能、环保等优势而备受关注。近年来,越来越多的研究者针对油料饼粕的特性,利用高通量筛选、代谢工程和人工诱变等方法获得了大量能够有效利用油料饼粕的微生物,以合成高附加值微生物代谢产物,如酶、抗生素、多不饱和脂肪酸、多肽等。本文综述了固体发酵技术在油料饼粕合成高附加值微生物代谢产物中的关键影响因素,包括微生物种类、油料饼粕种类和营养特性、发酵工艺、以及高附加值产物分类等,讨论了固体发酵技术在油料饼粕应用中存在的问题,为油料饼粕等一大类农业副产物的高值化转化提供了新的思路和展望。With the rapid development of processing technology, the direct and low valuable application of oil crop cakes and meals has been unable to meet the needs of industry. How to rationally convert the agricultural byproducts into high value-added products is an urgent problem to be solved currently. Solid state fermentation has attracted much attention due to its advantages of high efficiency, energy saving and environmental protection. The use of oil crop cakes and meals to synthesize high value-added microbial metabolites by solid state fermentation has become one of the research hotspots. In recent years, more and more researchers have used high-throughput screening, metabolic engineering, artificial mutagenesis and other methods to obtain a larger number of microorganisms that can effectively utilize oil crop cakes and meals to synthesize high value-added products, such as enzymes, antibiotics, polyunsaturated fatty acids and peptides. This article reviewed the key influencing factors of solid state fermentation technology in synthesis of high value-added microbial metabolites from oil crop cakes and meals, including microbial species, types and nutritional characteristics of oil crops and meals, processes of solid state fermentation, and synthesis of highly additional metabolites. It also discussed the challenges of solid state fermentation technology in the application of oil crops and meals, and provided new ideas for synthesize high value-added microbial metabolites by solid state fermentation with oil crop cakes and meals.

关 键 词：油料饼粕 固体发酵 高附加值微生物代谢产物 生物转化 

分 类 号：S565.4[农业科学—作物学] TQ920.9[轻工技术与工程—发酵工程]