我国优秀男子三级跳远运动员踏跳阶段摆动腿摆动技术分析  

Analysis of swing leg′s technique in jumping phase on Chinese elite male triple jumpers

作　　者：金智勇 晋勋 潘旭 郑哲[1] 刘功聚[2] 潘慧炬[1] JIN Zhiyong;JIN Xun;PAN Xu;ZHENG Zhe;LIU Gongju;PAN Huiju(College of Physical Education and Health Sciences,Zhejiang Normal University,Jinhua 321004,China;Zhejiang College of Sports,Hangzhou 311231,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江师范大学体育与健康科学学院,浙江金华321004 [2]浙江体育职业技术学院,浙江杭州311231

出　　处：《浙江师范大学学报（自然科学版）》2021年第2期221-227,共7页Journal of Zhejiang Normal University:Natural Sciences

基　　金：国家体育总局科技服务项目(HS2019000117)。

摘　　要：为研究我国优秀男子三级跳远运动员起跳过程中摆动腿摆动的技术特征,以2019年全国室内田径锦标赛总决赛男子三级跳远9名运动员为研究对象,采用文献资料法、运动图像解析法、数理统计法对其摆动腿的摆动技术进行三维运动学分析.结果表明:部分运动员三跳着地瞬间摆动腿角速度偏小,跨步跳和跳跃着地瞬间摆动腿角速度减小明显,且存在较大个体差异;摆动腿制动开始时刻随三跳呈逐渐延迟特征,三跳起跳阶段摆动腿制动开始时刻与该跳腾起角呈显著正相关(r=0.67,P<0.05;r=0.82,P<0.01;r=0.73,P<0.05),跨步跳和跳跃阶段摆动腿制动角加速度较单足跳出现明显下降,制动效果相对较差;单足跳和跨步跳起跳阶段摆动腿摆动方向为向内向前,跳跃阶段未出现明显向内摆动的趋势,影响起跳效果.该研究可为相关的运动训练提供参考.In order to study the technical characteristics of swing leg in Chinese elite male triple jumpers,nine male triple jumpers in the final of 2019 national indoor track and field championship were collected as the study object,a three-dimensional kinematic analysis of their lower limb swing technology was done by using the methods of literature review,motion image analysis and mathematical statistics.The results showed that the angular velocity of the instantaneous swinging leg of some athletes on the three jump was small,while the angular velocity of the instantaneous swinging leg on the step and jump was obviously reduced,and there were large individual differences;The starting moment of swinging leg braking was gradually delayed with three jumps.In the jump stage of hop and step,there was a significant positive correlation between the start time of swing leg brake and the take-off angle of hop in the take-off stage of hop and step(r=0.67,P<0.05;r=0.82,P<0.01;r=0.73,P<0.05).Some athletes had slower braking angular acceleration of swinging legs,and the braking effect was relatively poor.The swing direction of the athlete′s leg was accurate in the hop and step,and slight deviation occured in the jump.The relevant anaysis findings could provide practice reference for related sports training.

关 键 词：三级跳远 摆动腿 技术 运动学 

分 类 号：G823.4[文化科学—体育训练]