马铃薯块茎淀粉组分高效检测体系的建立及应用  

Development and Application of an Efficient Method for the Amylose/Amylopectin Ratio Determination in Potato Tubers

作　　者：宋玉浩 史伟玲 张娇 丁振宇 彭洪娴 蒋春燕 马秋芹 李芝静 赵勇[1] 唐道彬[1] 张凯[1] 王季春[1] 刘勋[1] SONG Yuhao;SHI Weiling;ZHANG Jiao;DING Zhenyu;PENG Hongxian;JIANG Chunyan;MA Qiuqin;LI Zhijing;ZHAO Yong;TANG Daobin;ZHANG Kai;WANG Jichun;LIU Xun(Chongqing Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement in Tuber and Root Crops,College of Agronomy and Biotechnology,Southwest University,Chongqing 400715,China)

机构地区：[1]西南大学农学与生物科技学院,薯类生物学与遗传育种重庆市重点实验室,重庆400715

出　　处：《园艺学报》2021年第3期600-608,共9页Acta Horticulturae Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31571728);重庆市技术创新与应用发展专项(cstc2019jscx-gksbX0157);西南大学基本科研业务费专项资金项目(XDJK2019D023);国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFE0127900)。

摘　　要：马铃薯块茎淀粉组分(直链/支链淀粉比AM/AP)影响淀粉特性以及决定其在食品和其他工业上的应用。AM/AP的测定对其合理利用以及选育特异淀粉组分的专用品种等具有重要意义。采用96孔板双波长法对马铃薯不同AM/AP比率标准样品进行测试,发现当测试样品AM/AP比率超过制作标准曲线的AM/AP比率(33.3%)时,测试结果明显高估直链淀粉含量。基于96孔板的碘染分析,建立了马铃薯AM/AP比率和最大吸收峰下波长的标准曲线:y=601.88x0.0215,R2=0.9999。该方法进一步提高了测试准确度和应用范围。利用该方法测试了198个马铃薯品种(系)以及高直链淀粉组分的转基因块茎,明确了收集的马铃薯品种(系)的直链淀粉组成范围为17.4%~33.3%。新建立的马铃薯淀粉组分测试方法为高效准确筛选遗传育种材料以及改良淀粉组分株系提供了方便。Potato starch composition(amylose/amylopectin,AM/AP)influences functional characteristics for food and other industrial applications.The determination of AM/AP ratio is of great significance for rational utilization of starch and breeding special varieties with specific starch components.The dual-wavelength method for determination of AM and AP contents was established in a 96-well plate format firstly.It was identified that the AM contents was dramatically overestimated when the AM/AP ratio of tested samples exceeded the AM/AP ratio(33.3%)of the standard curve.Furthermore,the new standard curve of potato AM/AP ratio and wavelength under the maximum absorption peak were established:y=601.88x0.0215,R2=0.9999.This method further improves the accuracy and is applicable over large ranges of AM/AP ratio needed for screening.This method was used to determine the AM/AP ratio from 198 potato varieties(lines)and a few transgenic tubers with high amylose contents.The result revealed that the range of AM contents in our potato genetic resources is 17.4%–33.3%.In conclusion,a simple and efficient method for the accurate estimation of the potato starch composition was established which is especially suitable for the detection of genetic breeding materials and improvement starch composition lines.

关 键 词：马铃薯 淀粉组分 检测体系 直链淀粉 支链淀粉 

分 类 号：S532[农业科学—作物学]