美国特殊教育教师专业标准的演进、特征与启示——基于CEC专业标准的分析  

The Evolution and Revelation of the American Professional Standards for Special Education Teachers——Analysis Based on CEC Professional Standards

作　　者：王雁[1] 冯雅静[2] WANG Yan;FENG Ya-jing(Faculty of Education, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China;Department of Moral Education, Psychology and Special Education, National Institute of Education Sciences, Beijing 100088, China)

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学教育学部,北京100875 [2]中国教育科学研究院德育与特教心理研究所,北京100088

出　　处：《教育学报》2021年第2期83-97,共15页Journal of Educational Studies

基　　金：国家社会科学“十三五”规划2019年度教育学青年课题“融合教育背景下普通教师职前培养的有效变革:内容、影响因素及策略”(课题批准号:CHA190270)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：美国特殊儿童委员会(CEC)是美国最大的特殊教育专业组织,其制定的特殊教育教师专业标准对美国乃至国际特殊教育教师的培养均发挥着重要的引导和借鉴作用。CEC特殊教育教师专业标准发展至今已经历六次修订,第七版标准于2016年正式出版,且从结构到内容做了较大修订。对七版标准的发展程序、文本框架等方面进行纵向比较,分析其历史演进特征,并着重分析现行体系最完整的第七版标准的内容特征,提出促进专业标准动态发展、加强操作性,提升特殊教育教师循证实践能力、学科知识技能及强调特殊教育教师专业成长自觉性和深刻性等建议。Council for Exceptional Children(CEC)is the biggest professional organization in special education in the United States.The professional standards for special education teachers established by CEC often serve as guidance and requirements for teacher preparation programs in the whole country and even all across the world.At present,this standard already has six versions and the seventh edition of the standards was officially published in 2016 with major revisions in the structure and content.The study adopts the text analysis method to compare seven versions of standards in terms of their structure and contents and concretes the characteristics of the seventh edition of the standards.The results suggest promoting the professional standards to advance with the times,strengthening the operability of the standards,valuing the evidence-based principles and theories of the standards,highlighting academic subject matter content and skills of special education teachers,and emphasizing the self-consciousness and profundity of professional development of special education teachers.

关 键 词：美国特殊儿童委员会 特殊教育教师 专业标准 培养标准 

分 类 号：G451.6[文化科学—教育学]